Using the model of dark stress caused by animal maintenance at dimmed light we showed that Trametin (product obtained during liquid-phase culturing of Trametes pubescens xylotroph fungi) effectively prevented oxidative stress under conditions of light deprivation. The preparation increased the level of unsaturation of lipids, reduced the concentration of primary and end-products of LPO, and increases both the integral parameter of the antioxidant defense system (total antioxidant activity) and its components (activity of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione).

It has been determined that exposure to different stressors is associated with the development of oxidative stress, both in animals and in humans. The antioxidant defense system resists the development of oxidative stress. Basidiomycetes are the producers of a variety of biologically active compounds, including triterpene acids, exopolysaccharides, etc. Products derived from these species have immunostimulating, antitumor, antioxidant, antimetastatic action, and are effective for liver diseases treatment. The aim of the study, was to determine the antioxidant activity of Trametin to limit the stress-induced lipid peroxidation process. Antioxidant properties of Trametin (a product obtained by liquid-phase cultivation of the xylotroph fungus Trametes pubescens) were studied under experimental stress (decrease of the lighting intensity in piglets). It has been found that Trametin serves as an effective prevention of oxidative stress in stress conditions. It increases the level of unsaturation of lipids, reduces the concentration of primary and end products of lipid peroxidation, and also increases the total antioxidant activity of the blood, the activity of superoxide dismutase and reduces the glutathione level. Thus, the study of the effect of the preparation obtained by liquid-phase fermentation from fungus xylotroph of the genus Trametes pubescens showed a pronounced antioxidant effect on the model of dark stress in experimental animals, which can serve as a basis for its further application in veterinary and clinical medicine.

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Given the spread of bacterial and viral diseases in young farm animals, the use of interferons and drugs to stimulate their biosynthesis has gained relevance. In a previous study, we examined the effect of a veterinary drug Trametin produced on the basis of Trametes pubescens (Shumach.: Fr.) Pilat. on the biosynthesis of interferons in the blood of mice. The present work is aimed at studying the biosynthesis dynamics of α- and γ-interferons when using Trametin and studying its prophylactic activity in calves. It is shown that a single oral administration of Trametin in doses ranging from 15 to 60 mg/kg causes a dose-dependent induction and production of γ-interferon in the blood of mice, whose maximum content reaches 1337.0±93.0 pg/mL at 48 h after administering a dose of 30 mg/kg. With a Trametin dose increase from 15 to 30 mg/kg, the level of α-interferon production rises to 1388.0±84.0 pg/mL at 48 h after administration. At a Cycloferon dose of 4.5 mg/kg, the production level of α-interferon and γ-interferon amounts to 1455.47±84.2 and 1447.0±90.0 pg/mL, respectively. The immunostimulatory properties of Trametin are confirmed by a scientific and economic experiment conducted using immunocompromised calves. In our studies, an immunological test of calf blood performed prior to and following the administration of Trimetin and Cycloferon constitutes criteria for the prophylactic activity of these drugs. The prophylactic efficacy of Trametin is confirmed by an increase in phagocytic activity by 10.5%, phagocytic index by 61.8%, and phagocytic number by 52.8%. After Trametin administration, the bactericidal activity of the serum increases by 60%. Cycloferon exhibits a similar immunostimulatory effect. Nonspecific prophylaxis using Trametin is shown to reduce the incidence of bacterial and viral respiratory diseases in young calves and generally improve their immunity.