The PRIMA Consensus document developed by leading Russian experts reviews the principles of outpatient immunotherapy in children with frequent acute respiratory viral infections.

Bronchial asthma (BA) is a disease that is one of the most frequent chronic diseases of childhood. Characteristic clinical symptoms of BA are wheezing, cough, difficulty in breathing, shortness of breath and, of course, recurrent episodes of bronchial obstruction. They require mandatory clarification of family and individual allergoanamnesis, assessment of symptoms, differential diagnosis with other diseases that may occur with BA. The Global Initiative for the Treatment and Prevention of Bronchial Asthma (GINA 20202021) preserves and develops the ageappropriate approach to verification of diagnosis and therapy selection, which is supported in the Russian National Program "Bronchial Asthma in Children" and in the Russian clinical guidelines "Bronchial Asthma 2021 When the diagnosis of BA is made, therapy should be started as early as possible. Administration of low-dose inhaled glucocorticosteroids (IGCS) immediately after the diagnosis allows not only to control the inflammatory process, which is the basis of BA, but also to reduce the severity of exacerbations. IGCS are the most effective drugs for children of any age, they ensure control of the disease and reduce the risk of AD exacerbations.

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Вероятно, в первую очередь это связано с тем, что наибольшее количество женщин в пери-и постменопаузальном возрасте изначально было именно в группе вегетарианцев. Исключение лиц, регулярно принимавших добавки витамина D, не сказалось радикально на результатах исследования. При анализе выборки, куда вошли лица, удовлетворявшие обоим исключающим критериям, не обнаружено существенных различий в показателях. Заключение. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что показатели МПКТ у российских веганов и вегетарианцев не отличаются от таковых у лиц со смешанным рационом, однако требуются дальнейшие более крупные исследования. Ключевые слова: остеопения; остеопороз; минеральной плотности костной ткани, Т-критерий, Z-критерий, растительное происхождение The number of vegetarians and vegans is increasing each year. In this regard, studies of the quality of diets that exclude slaughter foods, as well as their impact on human health, are becoming more and more relevant. The main purpose of the study was to assess the bone mineral density (BMD) in Russian vegetarians and vegans, as well as in omnivores. Material and methods. Design -cross-sectional study. On an outpatient basis, we examined 103 conditionally healthy people aged 18 to 77 years with different diets: 36 vegans, 38 vegetarians and 29 omnivores. X-ray two energy absorptiometry was used to assess BMD. The density of the lumbar vertebrae (L I -L IV ) and femoral neck was measured. Results; Osteopenia in the lumbar spine was diagnosed in 27.8% of vegans, 39.5% of vegetarians, and 31.0% of omnivores. In the femoral neck, BMD corresponding to osteopenia was detected in 19.4, 26.3, and 17.2% of cases, respectively. 18.4% of vegetarians and 6.9% of omnivores had BMD corresponding to osteoporosis in the lumbar spine. Osteoporosis was not diagnosed in the femoral neck. No significant differences were observed after exclusion of people over 50 years of age. This was probably due primarily to the fact that the largest number of peri and postmenopausal women were in the vegetarian group. Excluding people who had took vitamin D supplements regularly did not drastically change the results of the study. When taking into account both exclusion criteria, no significant differences were observed. Conclusion. The findings suggest that BMD in vegans and vegetarians in Russia does not differ from that in omnivores. However, further larger studies are required.

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