The present investigation is aimed to formulate & characterize the immediate release tablet of Efavirenz by using Soluplus as a polymer. The proposed formulation of the immediate release tablet of Efavirenz are prepared by using solid dispersion by hot melt technique to improve solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water soluble Efavirenz. The drug to polymer ratio in optimized batch (TABSD13) was 1:3. The obtained batch was characterized for its percent drug contenet, thermal analysis (DSC), crystallinity (PXRD), FTIR and in vitro drug release. There were no compatibility issues and the crystallinity of drug was found to be reduced in prepared tablet which were confirmed by DSC and PXRD studies. The average dissolution rate of six Efavirenz tablet & marketed formulation in 0.5 % SLS in distilled water in 45 min were 72.77 % & 69.37 % respectively while in 120 min they were about 90.08 % & 88.24 % respectively & the standard deviations were also within the limits. It shows that the dissolution profiles of hot melt Efavirenz tablet & Marketed formulation were comparable in 0.5 % SLS in distilled water. This may be because of the SLS which act as good surfactant. Further investigations are required to reduce the amount of polymer in tablet that can provide maximum drug loading and acceptable dosage form.

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Aniline was electrochemically synthesized with K 2 Cr 2 O 7 , K 2 CrO 4 , and FeCl 3 as oxidants and Polyaniline (PANI) films is prepared. Electrochemical cell was used for deposition of monomer, oxidants and dopant in galvanostatic technique. ITO coated glass plate has been used as a working electrode, platinum foil as a counter electrode and Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode. The electrolyte solution was prepared in deionized water with optimum parameter viz. pH, potential, conductivity. After synthesis of composite films by galvanostatic electrochemical technique it was focused to various characterizations such as FTIR, UV-vis. spectroscopy and SEM etc. For comparative study it has been finding that FeCl 3 is best supporting electrolyte for PANI.

The present investigation is aimed to prepare the sustained release beads of carbamazepine using different proportions of talc and sodium alginate for sustained delivery of carbamazepine. The proposed beads were formulated using the inotropic gellan method. The drug to talc to polymer ratio in optimized batch S 2 was kept at 1 : 0.5 : 0.3. The obtained beads were characterized for its particle size distribution, percent drug content, mean diameter and crushing strength, thermal analysis (DSC), crystallinity (PXRD), surface morphology (SEM), and in vitro drug release. The prepared beads were found to be optimal in terms of particle size and entrapment efficacy. There were no compatibility issues and the crystallinity of drug was found to be reduced in prepared microspheres, which were confirmed by DSC and PXRD studies. The time to release 70% of drug from all batches of beads were in the range of 0.5-3.0 h, which could be used to prevent the formation of carbamazepine dehydrate form (CBD) having one third solubility of carbamazepine and high extent of drug release. The drug was sustained for optimized batch S 2 was 5 hour. Further investigations are required to reduce the amount of polymer in microspheres that can provide maximum drug loading and acceptable dosage form.

Polyaniline based nanocomposite graphite paste electrode modified with rice husk (PANI/Gr/RH) and without rice husk (PANI/Grph) to compare the amperometric response caused by the addition of rice husk in conventional sensor. Organized materials were characterized by analytical techniques such as UV-visible, XRD and FE-SEM analyses. The performance of the developed sensor was evaluated and the obtained urea biosensor exhibited shorter response time (3 s), wider range 1 × 10 -9 to 9 × 10 -9 M and the detection limit were found to be 1 × 10 -9. About 90 % of the enzyme activity is retained for about 40 days. Modified rice husk sensor gives better result than sensor without rice husk.