The conceptual and content aspects of cluster policy monitoring are considered. The key difficulties and peculiarities are marked out, which are associated with the need to take into account the multiple nature of the objects and subjects of cluster policy monitoring, the typological differences between clusters, the clusters support in the framework of various governmental programs, and the complexity of clusters and cluster policy as the objects of regulation. It is shown that there is no universal approach or idea about the organization of the monitoring of cluster policy, and the criteria used for monitoring should take into account political goals, be interconnected at the levels of subjects and objects of monitoring, and be measured according to the different time horizons. The systematization of aggregated groups of indicators most often used for monitoring cluster policy was made in the context of objects of monitoring.
Институт экономики и организации промышленного производства СО РАН Новосибирск, Россия Аннотация Статья посвящена методическим особенностям разработки и реализации кластерной политики. Цель статьисконцентрировавшись на содержательной стороне процессов разработки и реализации кластерной политики, декомпозировать данные этапы кластерной политики, представив кластерную политику в виде множества классификационных характеристик, определяющих особенности ее проведения. Описаны существующие подходы к пониманию, классификации и стадийности кластерной политики. Охарактеризованы ключевые аспекты кластерной политики, определяющие ее содержание и особенности: позиционирование в политическом и экономическом пространстве, роли государства и бизнеса, направленность, целеполагание и инструментарий, организационная структура. Показаны связи между выделенными характеристиками. Проведена группировка наиболее распространенных целей кластерной политики, в соответствие с каждой группой поставлено множество наиболее типичных инструментов. Систематизированы меры поддержки кластеров в России на федеральном и региональном уровнях. Представлено авторское понимание последовательности реализации и содержательного наполнения этапов кластерной политики. Ключевые слова кластерная политика, стадийность, определения, направленность, целеполагание, организация, инструментарий Источник финансирования Статья подготовлена в рамках НИР ИЭОПП СО РАН по проекту XI.172.1.2 «Научные основы региональной кластерной политики России» АААА-А17-117022250124-7 Для цитирования Марков Л. С., Курмашев В. Б., Бурук А. Ф. Декомпозиция кластерной политики // Мир экономики и управле
The paper studies a profound change in the Russian cluster policy at the federal level based on the analysis of regulatory framework. The work demonstrates virtual abandoning of cluster policies in all areas, i.e. winding-up direct support for industrial cluster projects and failure to start funding complex investment projects for the development of innovative territorial clusters which has even lost their normative basis for financing as well as to backup regional cluster development centers. The main reason for such a reverse is the lack of cooperation among the domestic clusters. At the same time, the main aim of the government efforts in the field of cluster formation and other related processes – stimulation of cooperation projects – has remained unchanged. In order to avoid setbacks in other initiatives for development of such cooperation, it seems advisable to introduce an extended classification of joint cluster projects, which in many ways determines the specifics of partnership relations. The proposed classification is based on the type of connectivity among the participants, the symmetry of the alliances and the organizational form of project implementation. It is shown that the domestic cluster policy deals with the most challenging type of cooperative projects.
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