The method for extraction of neutron and matter densities from data on cross sections and spin observables for elastic p-nucleus scattering is presented. The effective nuclear potential was treated to the 6rst order with respect to the t-matrix and density distributions. To eliminate uncertainties associated with the t matrix, the latter has been determined directly from p-Ca scattering data, where the proton and neutron densities are known sufBciently well. The medium modi6cations in the t matrix have been included by means of density dependent terms added to the free t matrix.The neutron densities to be found were expressed as a Hartree-Fock (HF) distribution plus a small correction expanded in a Fourier-Bessel series with inclusion of only low-frequency components determined by the data. High-frequency components are presented by the HF term. Expressions for the physical observables were linearized in terms of the expansion coefficients, the latter being determined through an iterative procedure from the y criterium. The method enables one to obtain statistical Quctuations in those Fourier components as they are generated by experimental error bars. The normalization and model uncertainties have been also estimated. The extracted densities of ' ' Pb and their differences were compared with the HF results calculated by us with the Skyrme interaction. On the whole, pretty good agreement has been achieved.PACS number(s): 21.10. Gv, 25.40.Cm, 21.30. +y, 27.80.+w

A microscopic description of new data for inelastic scattering of 650 MeV protons on 206,208Pb with excitation of low-lying collective states is presented. The DWIA approximation is employed to calculate the scattering amplitude with the effective rho -dependent t-matrix determined in our previous analysis of elastic proton scattering on 40Ca. In the case of 206Pb, the transition densities have been calculated in the HF+RPA theory with the Skyrme SkM' force. For 208Pb, the result of Decharge and Gogny (1980) was employed. The ground-state densities were taken from model-independent analyses of electron and proton scattering data. The theories describe the radial distributions of the scattering densities reasonably well, especially in 208Pb. However, their normalizations need readjusting. For neutron components they vary from 0.8 to 1.7 in 208Pb and they are close to unity within 20% in 206Pb.

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The isotope shifts and hyperfine splittings of atomic optical lines in 13Z,'*'43Nd (A = 588.79 nm), "r'45Sm (A = W . 4 2 nm) and 1'b145E~ (A = 576.52 nm) have been measured using resonance ionization spectroscopy. The magnetic dipole and electric quadruple moments of the odd Nd and Sm isotopes and the changes in mean square charge radii S ( r " ) for all isotopes in question have been derived. A shell effect and a strong 2-dependence in the isotopic behaviour of a(,*) at N < 8 2 have been obscrved. The experimental data have been analysed in the framework of the Hartree-Fock method. I spectroscopy.