We investigated the clinical effectiveness of a homeopathic add-on therapy in a pediatric subpopulation with upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in a randomized, controlled, multinational clinical trial. Patients received either on-demand symptomatic standard treatment (ST-group) or the same ST plus a homeopathic medication (Influcid; IFC-group) for 7 days. Outcome assessment was based on symptom and fever resolution and the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey–21 (WURSS-21). A total of 261 pediatric (<12 years) patients (130 IFC-group; 131 ST-group) were recruited in Germany and the Ukraine. The IFC-group used less symptomatic medication, symptoms resolved significantly earlier (P = .0001), had higher proportions of fever-free children from day 3 onwards, and the WURSS-assessed global disease severity was significantly less (P < .0001) during the entire URTI episode. One adverse event (vomiting) was possibly related to IFC. IFC as add-on treatment in pediatric URTI reduced global disease severity, shortened symptom resolution, and was safe in use.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is mainly a disease of children and young adults. The onset of disease is associated with 3 classical symptoms: polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria. Hyperglycaemia is the main and primary metabolic disorder in T1D. One of the complications developing as a result of microangiopathy is diabetic nephropathy (DN). Additionally, diabetes remains the most common reason for progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The aim of the study was to evaluate the most initial metabolic and functional disorders in diabetic children and children with DN.The study involved 76 children with T1D and diabetic nephropathy (aged 3 to 17 years). The levels of ET-1 measured using ELISA assay and ratio of lipid oxidation measured spectrophotometrically. Main clinical parameters (blood pressure, glycaemia, albuminuria, creatininaemia, HbA 1C , cholesterol levels) were measured using conventional methods available in Clinical Paediatric Hospital No. 6 (Kyiv, Ukraine). The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using the Schwartz formula. Patterns of the BP changes, kidney function impairment, ET-level, and metabolic and functional disorders in children with T1D and DN were found.

Aim of the study: to study the indicators of cellular hypoxia and apoptosis in pediatric patients with nephritic type of chronic glomerulonephritis. Material and methods: 52patients with active stage of nephrotic type ofChronic glomerulonephritis were inspected. All patients were divided into groups of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) by the level of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Detection of the hypoxia–induced factor (HIF) and antiapoptotic factor Bcl–xL in serum performed using Western Blotting assay and immunohistochemically on material of kidney biopsies. Imaging was done using confocal laser microscopy. Results: it has been found that the disease course is accompanied by increased levels of hypoxia–induced factor HIF–1a and decreased expression of antiapoptotic factor Bcl–xL (in plasma and on biopsies). Detected changes significantly depended on the degree of proteinuria and declining of glomerular filtration rate. Dependence between the levels of hypoxia–induced damages and level of kidney function impairment was documented. In children with Chronic Kidney Disease (SKDIst.) HIF–1a was at level 128.6±2.3% (P<0.01, compared to Control group), in children with CKD II–III st. – 141.3±1.9% (P<0.01, compared to Control group and CKD I st.). Level of antiapoptotic defense in children with nephrotic type of Chronic glomerulonephritis was related to the level of kidney function impairment as well. In group of patient with CKDIst. Bcl–xL expression was down–regulated to 75.1±2.2%, in group with CKDII–IIIst. — to 60.1+1.8% (P<0.01 and P<0.001, compared to Control group, respectively). The level of evaluated changes has a dependence on levels ofproteinuria and kidney function impairment. Conclusion. Studied parameters might be used as predictors of unfavorable disease course.

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The aim: To compare lipid metabolism and leptin levels among the children with and without hypertension to identify associated risk factors for the course of metabolic syndrome in children. Materials and methods: This observational, cross-sectional study recruited children from the Rheumocardiology Department of Children’s Clinical Hospital No 6 in Kyiv, with metabolic syndrome, identification of waist-to-height ratio, leptin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and lipid profile. The main group included 41 children with metabolic syndrome and hypertension and the control group included 40 children with metabolic syndrome without hypertension. Statistical data analysis was performed using the MedStat 2.6.2. package. Results: A total of 81 children aged 10 to 17 with metabolic syndrome were examined. The group of children with hypertension had significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.85±0.04) than children without hypertension (0.94±0.03), with p < 0.05. Leptin resistance was detected in 65.2% of children with hypertension and 35.3% of children with normal blood pressure (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Children with metabolic syndrome and hypertension had a significantly higher body mass index and waist circumference as opposed to children with normal blood pressure. In the lipid profile high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in hypertensive children. There was no reliable difference in other lipid profile indicators between the two groups, but there was an upward trend of them in group with hypertension. Leptin resistance is also significantly higher in hypertensive children.