When cultivating sugar beets, harvesting is one of the most labor-intensive operations. But in terms of quality and operational and technological performance, the machines used do not meet modern agrotechnical requirements, especially in conditions of high soil moisture (25 - 29%). With an increase in soil moisture, its adhesion to the working surfaces of the digging organs and the heap cleaner increases, reducing their separating ability. We propose to improve the cleaning technology by modernizing the design of the separating stars. This is achieved by using cylindrical brushes (in the amount of three pieces), which are mounted vertically to the horizontal plane of the star's rods. One end of the cylindrical brush is attached to one of the ends of the star bar, and the other end of the brushes is in the hollow bracket. All brushes are located at the same distance from each other along the periphery of the star. The second ends of the brushes, located in the hollow bracket, are fixed to each other and move freely in it. This improved design will allow the brushes to interact with the contaminated surface of the sprocket guard, improving their cleaning ability and eliminating cleaning breaks when working in harsh conditions.

It is known that a large share of the costs in perennial plantings of fruit and berry crops is associated with weed control. In the ranks of plants, chemical methods of weed control using herbicidal rods are used. In recent years, requirements for uniform distribution of herbicides on the treated surface have increased. The article analyzes the accuracy of the dosage of herbicides in the intercustal zone with a bar with a deviating section. The movement of the rod in the horizontal plane and the spill of liquid along its length is considered. The volume of the poured liquid, the area of the wetted surface, the amount of liquid per unit area are determined. It was established that the dose of application of herbicides over the area depends on the speed of the bar, the angle of its inclination to the direction of movement and the specific spill of the liquid along the length. It is shown that the more the rod deviates from its initial position and the closer it is to the row line, the greater the spout of the solution per unit area with respect to a given one. Dependencies are obtained that allow one to compare the doses of the application of the working solution of the herbicide on the treated surface before the bar meets the cultivated plant and when it is bypassed. The paper shows the data of calculation of the spill of the working fluid at a specific point of the rod. It was revealed that during the processing of the inter-brush strip in one pass with the half-line deviating section of the row line overlapping, the excess of the given outflow dose can reach 20 times. To process the inter-bush zones of perennial plantations, it is recommended to stack the herbicidal booms with short deflecting sections up to the row axis, providing compensation for inaccuracies in driving and planting trees in a row, and processing the row in two adjacent passes.

The paper considers the effect of milling the soil for fertilizing with the ability to obtain a soil structure, in which there will be a uniform distribution of fertilizers for their more active assimilation. The device of the rotary working body for the implementation of this technological process is presented. The theoretical substantiation of the curvilinear working surface of the knife is carried out to obtain the optimal structure of the soil. The dependence of the shape of the knife working surface on the parameter of the parabola p is plotted. The results of experimental studies are given. It was concluded that the quality of soil cultivation required by agricultural technology by this working body with a knife working surface made in a parabola was obtained with a parameter p = 2.5.

The paper presents a structure diagram of a slot trencher when planting a garden, consisting of a frame on which working sections, a bevel gear reducer and support wheel stands are fixed. On the working section there is a shaft with a working body - a disk slot cutter. It is made in the form of a disc with teeth, one cutting edge of each tooth is straight and the other edge is parabolic. On the parabolic edge the working elements are fixed in the form of knives with a cutting edge consisting of two parts. A straight one is along the periphery; the other is in the form of a guide along the entire length of the curved edge of the tooth and equal to the width of the cutting edge of the knife. The theoretical substantiation of the main structure parameters is carried out as a result of which the length of the inclined knife is determined, which allows satisfying the operating conditions of the device.

This paper discusses the procedure for the develop-ment and operation algorithm of the specialized regulatory and reference database “Sowing equipment for tilled and vegetable crops” which contains a description and tech-nical characteristics of domestic and foreign precision seeders (their units and assemblies) for tilled and vegeta-ble crops in the system precision and zero agriculture. The main function of the program is the accumulation and sys-tematization of information on sowing equipment for tilled and vegetable crops with the possibility of interactive search, filtering and comparison of results. The structure of the database being developed has been determined; it includes 4 blocks: a graphical interface; control algorithms; data management; control components and general pur-pose components. Taking into account this structure, the stages of creating a database are determined: analysis of real world objects for the implementation of the modeling process, selection of tables and fields that are capable of identifying each object, designing relationships between tables and setting referential integrity rules. The developed software solves the following tasks: searches according to the main characteristics of sowing equipment for tilled and vegetable crops; forms an initial set of characteristics and their limit values; implements sorting and filtering of search results; provides the ability to select from the table-list a specific instance of equipment with the output of detailed information; provides the ability to select from the table-list of several copies of equipment for their detailed compari-son; provides personalized access to entering and modify-ing information in the database. The advantage of using the developed database is its regular replenishment; at the moment the information volume (content) is: for mechanical seeders -23 items; pneumatic seeders -78 items; “direct sowing” (“zero” farming) equipment -10 items.