Allocated one of several developments to enhance the technical, economic and environmentalperformance of modern locomotive power plants. The expediency of the use of gas distribution shafts with new more efficient gas distribution cams. The results of mathematical modeling and analysis of thekinematics characteristics of the valve drives the intake and exhaust valves of locomotive power plants withdiesel 1D80B and 6D49, improved (compared with standard) based on the new gas distribution cams. Theestimation of the expected change of the "time - section" valves, velocity, acceleration, dynamic displays andmechanical stresses in parts of the drive. The resulting comparative evaluations confirm the usefulness of theproposed solutions for improving the design of the valve drive locomotive power plants with diesel 1D80Band 6D49.Noted that the results of computational research workflows considered locomotive power plants, theuse of the camshaft with the proposed gas distribution cams will improve the value of "time - section" of thevalves, increasing the air flow through the cylinder filling ratio, charge air -fuel ratio and, as a result, willimprove the indicator and effective efficiencies, environmental performance, and reduce average operationalspecific fuel consumption.