ВведениеОперативное лечение доброкачественных забо-леваний и повреждений пищевода преимущест-венно производится из традиционных хирургиче-ских доступов (торако-и лапаротомии) и характе-ризуется высокой травматичностью. Применение А.Ф. Черноусовым [9] трансхиатальной экстирпа-ции пищевода через лапароцервикальный доступ существенно снижает операционную травму. Из-за топографоанатомического расположения пищево-да, создающего существенные трудности для опера-тивных вмешательств на его грудном отделе, мини-инвазивные видеоэндохирургические технологии в основном используются на абдоминальном отделе пищевода при ахалазии кардии [1,3,4,[10][11][12][13]. Имеются лишь отдельные сообщения о видеотора-коскопических операциях для удаления рубцово-измененного пищевода [5,6], дивертикулов его грудного отдела [2], лейомиомы пищевода при тора-ко-или лапароскопии в зависимости от ее локали-зации [7,8]. Учитывая малую травматичность видео-эндохирургических вмешательств, более раннюю реабилитацию и улучшение качества жизни опери-
enucleation of tumor with fundoplication. In the early postoperative period, the lower thoracic esophageal perforation after videothoracoscopic enucleation of the tumor occurred in 2 cases, and it required video-assisted laparoscopic and posteriotransmediastenal drainage and video-assisted Maidl jejunonostomy. In one case, after 7 months after surgery scar stenosis of the lower third of the esophagus developed, which is eliminated by orthograde bougienage of the esophagus.
We compared the results of remote survey of 213 patients with HH associated with GERD in the long term after anti-reflux videolaparoscopy, according to the GERD-HRQL, GIQLI, and SF-36 questionnaires (patients’ complaints) and special methods for studying the anti-reflux function of the cardia (X-ray endoscopy of the esophagus and stomach, daily esophageal pH monitoring, esophageal manometry). Based on the results of special studies, a generalized indicator of failure of the anti-reflux function of the cardia (GIFAFC) was developed. It was found that 57.3% of the examined patients had false-positive symptoms of GERD recurrence, which was manifested by pain in the epigastric region (31.2%), belching with air (4.1%), and heartburn (21.3%). There were no symptoms when bent over or lying down. The existing symptoms were mild, easily stopped by conservative treatment. The patients with false-positive GERD symptoms after surgery showed an improvement in GIFAFC by 7.9 times (p <0.001), but it was 5.4 times worse than in patients without recurrent GERD (p <0.001), and 6.3 times better in relation to patients with recurrent GERD (p<0.05). False-positive symptoms of GERD recurrence contributed to a decrease in the generalized indicator of quality of life, which, according to the SF-36 questionnaire, was 76% of the maximum desired result. Due to the absence of reliable clinical manifestations, all patients with HH who have certain symptoms of GERD after fundoplication should undergo an instrumental study of the anti-reflux function of the cardia. Patients with established false-positive symptoms of GERD are subject to dispensary follow-up.
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