Classical aortic valve replacement is often fraught with negative outcomes for patients. When replacing the aortic valve with a mechanical valve prosthesis, the patient is associated for life with the use of indirect anticoagulants, which often leads to hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications. In the case of replacement of the aortic valve with a biological prosthesis, a fairly frequent complication is early calcification and, consequently, a high frequency of dysfunctions of the biological prosthesis. In addition, mechanical and biological prosthetics of heart valves are quite expensive, which creates a serious economic load on the healthcare institution. But in the last decade, the technique of neocuspidization of the aortic valve with autopericardial flaps has been introduced into wide cardiac surgical practice, which is a clear alternative to prosthetics of heart valves.
Highlights. The article describes the contribution of foreign and Russian surgeons to the development of aortic valve replacement using autologous tissue, and presents the evolution of the technique. The authors tried to answer the question whether the Japanese professor S. Ozaki actually developed something new or the discovery was already made 40 years ago. At the end of the article, the technique developed by a Russian cardiac surgeon is presented, casting doubt on the use of templates in this procedure.Abstract. Aortic valve replacement using autologous pericardium (neocuspidalization) is becoming an increasingly attractive option that can be applied to a wide range of aortic valve diseases. This technique avoids the need for lifelong administration of anticoagulant drugs, and provides the maximum effective orifice area, resulting in a low transvalvular gradient. The new technique, introduced by Shigeyuki Ozaki, has made the procedure more reproducible with promising medium- and longterm results. But is Ozaki the predecessor of this technique or is “all new is well forgotten old”? This review focuses on the historical aspects of the development of neocuspidalization of the aortic valve using autologous pericardium, the first interventions for valve reconstruction are mentioned, the evolution in the technique of preparation and fixation of the leaflets is reflected.
ЦЕЛЬ. Сравнить непосредственные результаты протезирования аортального клапана бесшовным биологическим протезом Perceval S и протезирования аортального клапана по методике S. Ozaki. МЕтОДЫ И МАтЕРИАЛЫ. С января 2021 г. по март 2022 г. были проанализированы 110 пациентов после протезирования аортального клапана. Из этой группы были отобраны пациенты старше 65 лет с изолированным аортальным стенозом, которым было выполнено протезирование аортального клапана с применением бесшовного биологического протеза Perceval S или протезирование створок аортального клапана по методике S. Ozaki. Из отобранных пациентов были сформированы 2 группы. В группу 1 вошли пациенты старше 65 лет с изолированным аортальным стенозом (n=20), которым было выполнено протезирование створок аортального клапана по методике S. Ozaki. В группу 2 вошли пациенты старше 65 лет с изолированным аортальным стенозом (n=20), которым было выполнено протезирование аортального клапана с использованием бесшовного биологического протеза Perceval S. РЕЗуЛЬтАтЫ. Отмечались снижение среднего и пикового градиентов давления на аортальном клапане, а также увеличение как абсолютной эффективной, так и индексированной эффективной площади отверстия клапана в группе пациентов, оперированных по методике S. Ozaki. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Операция по методике S. Ozaki и протезирование аортального клапана бесшовным биологическим протезом Perceval S демонстрируют удовлетворительные непосредственные результаты оперативного лечения аортального стеноза. Методика S. Ozaki позволяет снизить вероятность развития несоответствия «протез-пациент», однако требует более длительного времени ишемии миокарда.
Ewing’s sarcoma is a malignant bone tumor. It occurs more often in teenagers between 10–15 years old and metastasizes to the lungs and nervous system. Heart disease is atypical and occurs in only a few cases. We present a clinical case of late diagnosis of Ewing’s sarcoma in a 26-year-old patient with metastases in the left side of the heart. According to instrumental tests, hypermobile, ribbon-like formations were visualized on the cusps of the aortic and mitral valves with damage to the chordal apparatus. Coronary angiography was performed with embolextraction from the middle third of the left anterior descending artery and its diagonal branch, due to the clinical picture of anterior acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation. An urgent cardiac surgery was performed, in the attempt to prevent fatal incidents. During the revision, in addition to damage to the aortic and mitral valves of the heart, metastatic masses grew into the layer of the myocardium, the removal of which is technically impossible.In the early postoperative period, the patient died due to embolization into the brain and coronary arteries. Diagnosis of Ewing’s sarcoma requires timely diagnosis and treatment in order to prevent the rapid spread and development of life-threatening and fatal complications.
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