Background. Despite the decrease in fetoinfantile losses, the levels of perinatal mortality and stillbirth remain quite high. One of the medical criteria for viability is the anthropometric indicators of the child, therefore, their relevant medical and statistical assessment may allow us to establish potential opportunities for reducing the loss of viable children at perinatal period.Objective. The aim of the study is to assess anthropometric data of children died at perinatal period.Methods. We have analyzed 277 cases of children deaths at ante- and intranatal periods and 197 cases of newborns deaths during first 7 days of life. Assessment of anthropometric data of children died at perinatal period was presented via the method of sigmal deviations and the centile method.Results. Anthropometric data of premature infants died at perinatal period in 90–94% of cases corresponded to the physical development for children of this gestational age. Anthropometric data of full-term children died during the first 168 hours of life, in 70.0% of cases, corresponded to 3–6 corridors of physical development (P10–P90), in 20.0% of cases — 7–8 corridors. 58.3% of full-term children died at perinatal period have harmonious development which significantly exceeds the proportion of children with sharply disharmonious development (19.5%) and with disharmonious development (22.2%). 79.0% of all neonatal deaths occur in the first 72 hours of life (for the early neonatal period), while losses on the first day account for 54.0% of all deaths in children during the first week.Conclusion. This study has shown that the anthropometric data of children died at perinatal period significantly corresponded to the standard indicators established for children of this gestation age.

Significance. Health of child population is one of the most important priorities of the state policy. Each region of Russia has its own characteristics of living conditions that affect the health of children, therefore, the assessment of regional characteristics of living and upbringing conditions of children in terms of their impact on health is a relevant objective. Purpose. To assess the impact of individual factors of living conditions of families in the Chechen Republic on the health of children under the age of 7 years. Material and Methods. During the preventive medical examination, a survey of parents of 793 children under 7 living in 9 districts of the Chechen Republic has been conducted. As a result, 536 questionnaires completed by 85% and more were analyzed. The health group determined based on the examination results was used as an effective indicator for assessing the impact of family living conditions on health. Results. The peculiar features of living conditions of children under 7 in the Chechen Republic are as follows: a high share of rural dwellers; a high number of large families; short birth spacing; a significant number of non-working mothers; an extremely low number of single-parent families with children. The child health is adversely affected by the following: living in rural areas; living in a family with five children and more; low educational level of parents; lack of funds for the child material support in low-income families. Conclusions. The Chechen Republic has its own peculiar characteristics of living conditions of children, which affect the child health and should be taken into account when developing regional programs aimed at preventing health disorders in children.

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Aim. To conduct an objective and subjective assessment of the impact of breastfeeding duration on children's health. Methods. For a subjective assessment, a survey with random sampling of 476 mothers of children under the age of 1 year was conducted. For an objective assessment of health, the copying of data from the form 112/u “Case history of child's development” was used. The representativeness of this sample was tested by the method of Professor A.M. Merkov, with the error not exceeding 4%. Results. The majority of women participating in the survey indicated that after discharge from the obstetric hospital, they continued breastfeeding for up to 3 months (21.8%) and up to 6 months (25.3%). The study revealed a statistically significant relationship between the subjective assessment of children's health and the duration of breastfeeding. The highest subjective health score was in children who received breast milk up to 6 and 12 months (4.2±0.09 and 4.3±0.07), the lowest — in children who were formula-fed (3.1±0.10). The performed analysis of the dependence of the proportion of healthy children on the duration of breastfeeding demonstrated the direct strong correlation between the indicators (rxy=0.88). The presence of an inverse strong correlation was established between the proportion of children with chronic diseases and the duration of breastfeeding (rxy=–0.88). In addition, the longer the period of feeding the baby with breast milk, the lower the incidence of acute diseases during the first year of life (rxy=–0.85). Conclusion. Assessment of the child's health, both subjective and objective, depends on the duration of breastfeeding; infants who are breastfed longer during the first year are less likely to get sick and generally have better health.