The purpose. To determine technical-technological parameters of new power-saving complex which consists of standard chamber corn dryer and generator of warm, working from incineration of rods of corn. Full substitution of traditional not restored power resources on vegetable biofuel ensures saving of power. Methods. Generalization of literary data, holding experimental, laboratory and field experiments. Results. Basic technicaltechnological indexes of new power-saving complex, namely temperature and ventilation regimes, parameters of relative humidity of working and completed heating medium, speed of drying, drying capacity and quality factors of the exsiccated seeds are specified. The temperature regime in the complex oscillated within the limits of 38 -43°С, depending on damp of corn cobs. Ventilation regime consisted depending on power of ventilation aggregates and service conditions of fuel-air compartment. Relative humidity of working heating medium made 10 -12 %, completed -20 -44 % depending on stage of drying. Speed of drying oscillated within the limits of 0,16 -0,39 %/ , productivity made 1,2 -6,0 t-%/hour, depending on mass of corn cobs, their damp and exposure of drying. New method of drying had no negative effect on quality of seeds of hybrids of corn and their parent ingredients. Conclusions. Technical-technological parameters established by authors may be recommended for new power-saving complex and ensure fast and uniform mealies drying, exit of high-quality conditioned seeds, full substitution of traditional fuel (liquid, gaseous) for biofuel (plant residues).Introduction. Drying is the most responsible technological operation in the process of post-harvest processing of high quality corn seeds. From this process, the decrease in the moisture content of corn grain to a safe dry condition, preservation of its quality, energy consumption [1,2].The main parameters of the current (regulated) method of drying of seed corn cobs in the typical chamber grain dryer SKP are: temperature regime of 35-50 ° C depending on the moisture content of the grain, successive or parallel incorporation of chambers into work, cyclical drying schedule, reversal, ie, change in the direction of blowing of chambers, which provides more uniform drying of the cobs along the entire height of the embankment [3,4]. But this method is quite energy-consuming due to the current performance conditions. Therefore, there is a need to search and create new methods of drying with a significant reduction in energy costs.Today various technical and technological operations are known, which contribute to the reduction of energy consumption in the process of drying maize, are two-stage drying of cobs with pre-drying in grain, pulsed drying mode with alternation of heating and cooling, drying at maximum allowable temperatures [5][6][7][8]. Tricks that contribute to lowering energy consumption include sealing of dryers, maximum loading of drying chambers, removal of self-crushing (grain) from the mass of caches.All known energy-saving technol...

In the process of post-harvest processing of corn seeds, the thermal drying of wet cob is the most energy-efficient operation. It depends on the value of the produce-the seeds and its competitiveness on the market. Today, the problem of energy saving becomes more relevant in connection with a significant increase in prices for energy materials, the cost of which is about 90% of all costs for the drying process. Different technical and technological methods of energy saving during drying of corn seeds, such as two-stage drying of cobs with pre-drying in grain, return of exhaust coolant to the drying zone (recirculation), application of the maximum allowable heating temperatures of the cavities (intensive drying) are investigated. The most practical value is the reversing and recycling of coolants, which reduce fuel consumption by 20-26%, fully preserve the quality of the seeds, do not require significant technical re-equipment of chamber corn dryers. The new method of energy saving based on the use of TPG heat generators working from corn cobs burning is determined and investigated. The technical and technological indicators of the operation of chamber corn dryer in the complex with the new heat generator TPG are investigated. The temperature regime corresponded to normative parameters and fluctuated within 38-43 °C. The ventilation regime under which the drying took place depended on the mode of access of air to the fuel and ventilation compartment. Full air access provided a specific airflow at the level of 1393 m 3 /h per 1 tonne of boilers satisfying the norm of 800-1000 m 3 /h. Relative humidity of the working hot air during the entire drying process was 10-12%. In experiments, the drying rate fluctuated within the range from 0.16-0.39%/h, the performance of one chamber-1.2-6.0 t-%/h, depending on the weight of the cobs, their humidity and exposure of drying. Drying on the energy-saving complex did not have a negative impact on the quality of corn seeds. Laboratory similarity of the studied hybrids was 95-98%, which corresponds to normative indexes. The yield of seeds dried in the energy-saving complex was at the control level, and in some cases exceeded it. Control was provided by seeds dried in a laboratory dryer at 39 °C with forced circulation of air and in premises at 20-25 °C. The economic efficiency of the new drying method is determined. The total cost of drying maize cobs with different types of fuel is diesel 1145 UAH/t, gaseous-665 UAH/t, corn cobs-250 UAH/t. In general, the use of new heat generators does not have any negative effect on the technological process of drying-its duration, dynamics and uniformity of drying of the cobs.

This article contains the results of the experimental research on the quantity of root tubers let through to the creasing rollers through the clearance between the worm screw and the feeding transporter working branch in the combined root crop cleaner. It also describes the experimental set and the technique used for dummy tuber root transportation research, with the size of root tubers 0.05; 0.1; 0.15 and 0.2 m in diameter. The experimental research has been held basing on the PFE 24 type planned experiment realisation. The variable factors were transporter speed (variation extremes of 1.2…1.8 m/s), worm pitch (variation extremes of 0.5…0.7 m), clearance gap between the worm screw and transporter (variation extremes of 0.05…0.1m), worm screw angle speed (variation extremes of 7…15 rad/s). The work provides the regression equations that characterize the dependency of the amount or tubers being let through the worm screw to the creasing rollers from the size characteristics of fodder beet root tubers. A graphic dependency analysis has been held and it set the root crop cleaner parameter and work modes best for the maximum quantity of root tubers ran through the device.

The purpose. To analyze the known receptions of lowering heat losses and to develop basic new ones which would substitute traditional types of fuel at drying seeds and ensure their choice quality. Methods. Analysis of literary data, experimental, laboratory and field tests. Results. Receptions of lowering heat losses during drying seeds of corn in chamber corn drying machines are specified. Trials of power saving complex which included drying machines SKP-10, SKPM-15 are conducted. They determined influence of the technique upon sowing qualities and yielding ability of seeds of hybrids of corn. Conclusions. To lower heat losses in standard drying machines it is recommended to apply reversing and recycling of heat-transfer agent. That reduces fuel rate for 20 -26%, and completely preserves quality of seeds. Other direction of saving electric power is implementation of combustion of biomass and use of new types of heat generators.

Визначено техніко-економічну ефективність енергоощадного методу сушіння насіння кукурудзи у разі використання стрижнів качанів кукурудзи порівняно з іншими традиційними видами палива на базі сушарки камерного типу СКП.Встановлено загальні основні витрати, які необхідні для процесу сушіння, а саме -вартість палива, електроенергії і заробітна плата. Відповідно до тривалості й обсягу сушіння витрати на оплату праці становили 40,3 тис. грн в разі використання стрижнів качанів кукурудзи і 28,7 тис. грн -традиційних видів палива. Витрати на електроенергію різнились залежно від виду паливної системи зерносушарки. Так, при використанні теплогенератора для спалювання біомаси витрати на електроенергію були більші на 6528-9798 грн за період сушіння порівняно з паливними системами на дизельному та газоподібному паливі. Вартість спожитого палива за період сушіння становила: дизельне -509,3 тис. грн; газоподібне -269,3 тис. грн; стрижні качанів -37,7 тис. грн. Встановлено, що за рахунок використання стрижнів качанів вартість сушіння знижується на 58-78 % відносно інших традиційних видів палива, до того ж негативного впливу такого палива на посівні та врожайні властивості насіння не простежується.Ключові слова: качани кукурудзи, камерна сушарка, енергоощадне сушіння, види палива, техніко-економічні показники.