At present all the necessary information has been accumulated on current topic, and our findings confirm once again the opinions of many scientists about the positive effect of protective forest strips on the wind-resistance, snow accumulation, humidity dynamics, and infestation of crops. The article presents research data concerning the ameliorative role of protective forest strips on the crops productivity evidence from winter wheat. Remoteness from a protective forest strip substantially affected the accumulation of productive moisture by the time of winter wheat sowing. In this regard, we determined the content of productive moisture in the soil for all experimental plots. Besides, soil moisture formation strongly depended on snow accumulation. Thus, moving away from the protective forest strip resulted in decrease of the snow cover depth. At a distance of 10-20H from the protective forest strip, the snow cover depth was 25-30 cm decreasing to 5-10 cm with further increase in the distance. The overall influencing distance of protective forest strips varies from 0 to 30Í. The same trend was maintained with regard to the formation of moisture content. Impact on weediness was manifested in such a way that the smallest amount of weeds was observed at a distance of 0-10H. When moving away from the protective forest strip, the amount of weeds grew, as well as species composition, and further (30-40H) the amount of weeds per square meter decreased. The maximum wheat yield (3.86 t/ha) was obtained at a distance of 10-20H from the protective forest strip.

The exclusion of mechanical tillage leads to the concentration of seeds on the surface under plant residues and in the upper soil layer. In the period of full ripeness of pre-crops, before their harvesting, the potential of weed seeds in the 0-5 cm layer after winter rape is 36. 9 % lower than after corn for grain and 44.3 % compared to sunflower. A longer post-harvest period after winter rape helps clear the top layer of the soil from weed seeds to sowing winter wheat by 30.8 %. The lack of a time interval from harvesting of sunflower and corn before sowing of winter wheat leads to the accumulation of weed seeds in the 0-5 cm layer.At this time the culture is marked by negative dynamics of infestation of the top layer. This process takes place more intensively after winter rape and is 47.2 %. With deepening in the soil to 10 cm, the number of weed seeds is reduced. Use of no-tillage technology changes the formation of agrophytocenosis of winter wheat. After the predecessor of winter rape in the tillering phase, the number of weeds is reduced by 34.1 % compared to sunflower and by 47.1 %-to corn. Different efficiency of pre-crops in the reduction of weed populations can be traced in the future during the growing season of winter wheat. In the period ofwinter wheat earing, the contamination of crops is significantly reduced for all pre-crops.But it is not only the result of chemical weeding carried out in the tillering phase, but also real competition of the culture itself, as there is an increase in its vegetative mass. Weeds in this period have a small mass, little different in pre-crops, located in the range from 9.3 to 12.2 g. m-2. To the full ripeness of winter wheat, the contamination of crops increases and this is due to the "clarification" of crops, when the culture no longer competes with weeds. During this period, the pattern established bythe pre-crops in the previous phase remains.

Winter wheat is the main crop in the Stavropol Territory. Today, the grain crops cover an area of more than 1.9 million hectares. However, the cost of grain production is constantly growing. This leads to a decrease in the profitability of its cultivation. Agricultural field cultivation enterprises are moving from traditional to more resource-saving technologies - technology without tillage. This technology involves growing crops without tillage. In the Stavropol Territory and its arid zone, the technology has not been sufficiently studied for its widespread introduction into production. In this regard, the cultivation of winter wheat using new technology is of scientific and practical interest to research its influence on the germination of fields and the productivity of the main cash crop. Therefore, special attention is paid to the influence of No-till on the agrophysical and agrochemical parameters of dark chestnut soils and crop rotation links in an arid climate. Research was conducted on the territory of the Agrokhleboprodukt Company, located within the borders of the Stavropol Territory. Sowing winter wheat is carried out using John Deere 1890, which allows sowing crops with the simultaneous supply of seed fertilizer. Agrochemical monitoring of the soil was carried out on the basis of the Stavropol Agrochemical Center. Monitoring of meteorological parameters was stationary in the field. Thus, the use of the No-till technology for 2017-2019 ensured the formation of winter wheat productivity in the range of 40.7-49.8 kg/ha. In order to stabilize the productivity of winter wheat attention should be paid to the dynamics of changes in agrochemical parameters: the content of humus and macronutrients in the soil. Regression analysis showed a close relationship between productivity and these values. The use of such precursors as chickpeas and sunflowers in grain rotations contributes to the softening and improvement of the agrophysical properties of dark chestnut soils.

Natural resources potential of the territory and natural-historical mechanism of its development are pacing factors in agriculture differentiation and AIC-development. Key branches in the Stavropol Territory are crop production, sheep breeding and meat and milk cattle breeding. To meet the market demands “equating” differentiation of agricultural enterprises is implemented. Thus, in Stavropol Territory crop lands have been increased for crops required in the market that disbalanced the crop rotation, disturbed agro technologies and resulted in reduction in yields and grain quality. In the Territory 70 % of tillage is in risky agriculture. About 65 % of crop production (wheat, barley and others) are in draughty areas where out of 141 years (1861–2002) 41 % draughty, which determine high natural-climatic dependence of grain economy [1]. Annual and areal variability of grain production is also determined by topsoil heterogeneity and variety of relief. At present production of the basic market crop – winter wheat, which takes 75 % of acreage for cereals and leguminous crops, the productivity of the cultivated crop is 22.4–39.5 centner/hectare. It results in top soil changes such as compaction, fertilizer impoverishment and organic matter content (organic matter deficit is 400–700 kg/ha). Intensification of agrarian production results in quicker erosion processes, soil properties decline and lower fertility. The total area of eroded lands in the Territory is 1792000 ha [2]. That is why it is important to develop a new model of the economic use of Stavropol Territory. The main methods of study are analysis of the current status and organization of the agricultural zones of the Territory. The data were preceded with the software Statistica.

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