The aim: To establish criteria for individual thermal sensitivity in almost healthy individuals aged 17-20 years. Materials and methods: We surveyed 150 people aged 17-20 years. Heat sensitivity was previously assessed using our adapted questionnaire «Levels of heat sensitivity», in which according to the scale the number of points 0-6 indicates reduced heat sensitivity, 7-16 points - increased). All respondents underwent thermal testing. The subjects had auscultatory determination of pulse rate and blood pressure, after which the hands of both hands were immersed in a container with warm water (45° C) for 3 minutes. At the 2nd minute, pulse rate and blood pressure were determined. this procedure was repeated after the hands were removed from the water, and every 2 minutes until the pulse and blood pressure recovered over time. Before and after the heat test, a mathematical analysis of heart rate was performed using a computer software package, according to the manufacturer›s instructions. Results: After conducting a thermal test in people with hypersensitivity, an increase in the average values of heart rate and blood pressure. In the group of people with lower sensitivity to heat, heart rate and blood pressure after the heat test decreased or did not change. As a result of statistical processing of data from mathematical analysis of heart rate, it was found that in persons with hypersensitivity after the thermal test increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system, while in subjects with reduced sensitivity to heat showed a slight advantage of parasympathetic nervous system. Conclusions: Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system in response to heat in people with hypersensitivity indicates the development of stress, and given the current trend towards long-term and constant increase in average annual temperature, this will lead to overstrain of regulatory mechanisms, depletion of functional reserves and reduced adaptability . Therefore, people with high heat sensitivity are particularly vulnerable to global climate change.

Global warming affects people’s daily life, reduces endurance and work capacity. The purpose of our study is to investigate the functional capabilities of the circulatory system, adaptation potential and stress resistance of individuals with different heat sensitivity. To evaluate the activity of the cardiovascular system, an echocardiographic examination was performed. The reserve capabilities of the heart and the economy of its work were determined using the Robinson index and the Roufier test. Resistance to hypoxia was determined using the Stange and Genchi tests. The degree of oxygen assimilation was evaluated according to the values of maximum oxygen consumption. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined based on the results of the Rufier test. Adaptation potential was established according to Baevsky’s method. Stress resistance was assessed by determining the response index of the cardiovascular system to psycho-emotional stress. It was established that in people with lower heat sensitivity, the activity of the cardiovascular system is more optimal and more economical and its reserve capacity is greater, compared to higher sensitivity individuals, in which the intensity of its work in an uneconomical mode is increased and the reserve potential is limited. Shorter breath retention time on inhalation and exhalation, respectively, in persons with higher sensitivity to heat indicates a worse oxygen supply to the body. Also, they have a poor ability to absorb oxygen and lower cardiorespiratory efficiency. The predominance of stress adaptation mechanisms and lower stress resistance were also revealed. Thus, our results show that individuals with a higher sensitivity to heat are particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of global warming, which should be taken into account for the prevention of cardiovascular and heat diseases in them in the future.

Рurpose: to establish the relationship between cardiovascular diseases in Ukraine and an increase in the average annual temperature. Materials and Мethods. The data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine on the number of cases of cardiovascular diseases from 1990 to 2013, as well as on the share of the urban and rural population in various regions for 1990, 2000 and 2013 were analyzed. Statistical data starting from 2014 were not used due to their absence from the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. Average annual temperatures were obtained from the global database – The Global Historical Climatology Network. With the help of the National reports on the state of the natural environment in Ukraine, atmospheric air pollution in the regions of Ukraine was assessed. Statistical processing of the obtained results was carried out using correlation and regression analysis with determination of the reliability of the approximation. Results. A direct average correlation between average annual temperatures and the number of newly registered cases of cardiovascular diseases in Ukraine between 1990 and 2013 was established (correlation coefficient +0.5). After carrying out an analysis between the regions of Ukraine, it was established that in the regions with direct strong and medium correlations between the number of newly detected diseases of the circulatory system and average annual air temperatures (Dnipropetrovsk, Zaporizhzhya, Luhansk, Kharkiv, Donetsk, Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Kyiv, Sumy, Kherson, Odesa, Mykolaiv, Kirovohrad, Lviv, Zhytomyr regions) the urban population prevails, as well as a higher air pollution index. In other regions of Ukraine, where the rural population predominates, a weak straight line is established, as well as inverse correlation dependences and a lower level of atmospheric air pollution. Conclusions. In recent decades, the average annual temperature of the environment has been increasing, which has a negative effect on human health, in particular on the cardiovascular system, causing its damage. Therefore, it is important to start acting now to avoid the negative consequences of global warming.