The development of the goat industry in Ukraine has not moved for last years. There is no attention from the government and business. The industry is developing very slowly and agricultural companies do not have sufficient economic motivation for its progress. Goat products are not very popular in the country. These products are expensive and most of its buyers are well-off people. But even among them it is difficult to sell these goods. The most popular is goat's milk, the sellers of other products need to constantly advertise their goods, and spend a lot of money for it. Demand have only big agricultural companies, which can do large batches of milk all year. Small farms release products with seasonal fluctuation and they are not interesting in processing enterprises and connected with they trade networks. As a result, they are experiencing economic losses and even in a season they cannot sell their products, or they sell them too cheap. Ukrainian processing enterprises cannot expand assortment because of small batches of milk and they produce only pasteurized milk, saying "no" to other products. Most dairy factories do not have special equipment for the processing of goat milk. Even more problems with the processing of goat meat. There are no large farms in the country, it is impossible to buy meat for processing. Assortment of goat meat products has not developed for nowadays. There is no demand for products from the population. No one ready to invest money in the industry. The situation is similar with the processing of goat fluff, wool, leather and other. All exported abroad in the form of raw materials. The problem is the lack and obsolescence of the normative-technical and technological documentation. That we have, it does not agree the requirements of international standards. The problem of goat industry in Ukraine is the lack of a sufficient number of goats. It is 169 not possible to buy the necessary number of high-performance pedigree animals. The country is not working to create and distribute its own domestic breeds of different directions of productivity. Some farms on the aboriginal animals use absorbing crossing, but to buy a high-quality, checked male goat abroad is not so easy, because really valuable breeding animals cost a lot and they almost do not sell. Quite often there is a question where to put unclaimed animals. Goat meat is not in demand in the country. There are many questions that goat farm owners try to find an answer by themselves: how many animals are optimal to keep, what technology to use in the industry is better, what kind of feed to use as a basis for the diet, what complex of veterinary and sanitary events to use on the farm, how to escape the hard stress during transporting the animals, where to buy equipment for goat industry and others. All these questions will have to be decided by Ukraine. Effective development of goat industry needs an integrated approach based on the usage of rational technologies in animal keeping and industry, together with the choice of optimal mar...

Improving the efficiency of breeding for fox's reproductive qualities advasing is associated with the selection of individuals with certain economically useful traits and evaluated for their ability to transfer and fix ones in subsequent generations. A combining ability of parental lines determination, as well as individual characteristics of animals, is paramount. The factors characterizing the contribution of each parents, as well as their combination with each other in the formation of the descendant's productive potential, are the combinational capacity components, which are disclosed on the basic fur animal farming of Kharkiv region. The analysis of six lines of the breeding core of silver-black foxes was carried out and the general and specific combining ability of maternal and paternal forms were determined by fertility. The probable influence of the specific combining ability of the combinations to the studied parameter was established, which allowed a clear differentiation of the lines according to the level of fertility: improvers, neutral and degraders. In addition to the obvious fundamental value, the information obtained is also important practical point of view. In particular, it was concluded that it is advisable to use individual representatives of the lines, as well as the most promising options for combinations of parental pairs. Using components of combining ability, outsiders are defined, which should be excluded from the further selection process. The actual research materials illustrate the results of dispersive analysis of differences in fertility of females, average fertility rates of combinations of maternal and paternal lines, combination capacity of lines, effects of general combining ability, constants and variants of specific combination ability of linear foxes.

People in Ukraine are paying more and more attention to goat breeding products, and the demand for the products encourages the population to actively engage in the industry. Currently, about 95 % of the goat herd in Ukraine is concentrated in private peasant farms. Today, none of the livestock industries in Ukraine has such a high concentration of animals among the population. So, within the framework of analytical studies, the main types of family farms have been identified in terms of their size and structure. It was determined that they are divided mostly into three main types: small household plots with up to 10 animals, small family farms with up to 100 animals and farms with more than 100 milking goats. An analysis of the farming aspects of these types of farms and the perspectives for further development revealed some general results and general trends. Goat keeping in small household plots with up to 10 goats is not subject to a deep economic and technological analysis, the management is done with an amateur approach, and the technologies are based on personal family experience and vary considerably between them. The goats are only raised for the production of their own family. Goat keeping on small family farms with up to 100 goats is oriented towards the global experience of running a small family business. These farms produce and sell milk, process it into craft products (cheese, yoghurt, etc.) and provide green tourism services. Farms, which contain more than 100 heads of goats can be classified as agricultural enterprises, where industrial technologies for conducting the industry are applied. The products are sold by wholesale or through retail outlets. In general, an analysis of approaches to farming on different family farms has revealed that small family farms with up to 100 animals are the most promising from a socio-economic point of view. They are more progressive than extensive small household plots and are more flexible in many managing aspects than large-scale farms. Family farms are able to respond to market demand in a timely and sufficiently fast manner, adapt to it and make a profit.