Монография посвящена изучению влияния факторов риска на уровень индивидуально переносимого(толерантного) внутриглазного давления, исследованию чувствительности (интолерантности) зрительного нерва к компрессионной офтальмогипертензии, определению индивидуального внутриглазного давления у больных первичной открытоугольной глаукомы. В монографии представлено оригинальное программное обеспечение для определения индивидуального ВГД с учетом факторов риска и прогнозирования скорости прогрессирования глаукомного процесса. Описаны рекомендуемые алгоритмы медикаментозного, лазерного и хирургического лечения первичной открытоугольной глаукомы применительно к тактике снижения интолерантного ВГД до уровня индивидуальной нормы. Предложен способ оценки эффективности фототермолизиса пигментных гранул трабекулярной мембраны после селективной лазерной трабекулопластики. Сформулированы понятия толерантности и интолерантности зрительного нерва при глаукоме. Книга рассчитана на врачей-офтальмологов, интернов и клинических ординаторов.
We analyzed the results of surgical treatment of 42patients (42eyes) with neovascular glaucoma on the background of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF-drugs allow to remove newly formed vessels in anterior chamber angle, to reduce intraocular pressure, to avoid complications in patients with neovascular glaucoma and the closed anterior chamber angle of the eye. The second stage of the treatment can be laser surgery. This approach helped to reduce intraocular pressure from 28.9±0.9 to 18.5±0.9mmHg on the background of medical treatment (t>2.0; p<0.05). Visual acuity increased from 0.23±0.07 to 0.44±0.08 (t>2.0; p<0.05).In patients with NVG and closed anterior chamber angle of the eye, having aching glaucoma the use of laser surgery as the first stage of treatment allows to reduce intraocular pressure and to eliminate pain, and to apply intravitreal anti-VEGF-therapy as the second stage. The mean value of IOP decreased from 30.9±1.2 to 20.1±1.1mmHg. During the year period, the second stage (intravitreal introduction of Lucentis) was performed in all patients. As a result, IOP was reduced to 17.5±0.09mmHg. Visual acuity increased from 0.18±0.1 to 0.25±0.07 (p>0.05).
The most effective treatment of vitreous body opacities is YAG-laser vitreolysis. The results of the optimized YAG-laser vitreolysis technique for vitreous opacities treatment in 160 patients (160 eyes) were analyzed. The parameters of ocular hydrodynamics and cytokine spectrum of lacrimal fluid were studied, the data of ultrasound biometry and lens densitometry were analyzed. There was significant improvement of clinical and functional indexes without changes in the ciliary body, no changes in the parameters of ocular hydrodynamics as well as absence of dimness in the posterior capsule of the lens. Application of optimized technology of YAG-laser vitreolysis of vitreous opacities permits to achieve the best values of clinical and functional indices and is a safe procedure.
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