No abstract

The National Register of Diabetes Mellitus in children living in Moscow has been created. By January 1, 1995 there were 892 children with insulin-dependent diabetes in Moscow. The prevalence and incidence of the disease were, respectively, 57 and 11.2 per 100,000 children. The degree of compensation of the metabolic control in the population in general was poor (Hb A1 13.4+2.8%, Hb Alc 10.012%). The incidence of diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, sensory neuropathy, microalbuminuria, limited morbidity of the joints, growth delay was 4.5, 3.2, 3.3, 8.7, 7, and 3.1%, respectively.

No abstract

HLA haplotype distribution was analyzed in nuclear families of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Sixteen families with two or more diabetic siblings were examined, a total of 69 subjects, 33 of these diabetic siblings and 36 normal subjects (siblings and parents). The data were processed using the involved sibling pairs method based on a mixed model making use of a conditional probability approach. The ratio of diabetic sibling pairs concordant by 2 haplotypes, 1 haplotype, and discordant by 2 haplotypes was 9:5:2 vs. 1:2:1 expected according to Mendels accidental distribution (p 0.025). Increased incidence of siblings concordant by 2 haplotypes proves the presence in the HLA domain of one or several genes responsible for the development of diabetes mellitus. Siblings identical by two HLA haplotypes with the diabetic proband are at a higher risk of developing this disease.