Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CHPD or DCPD) is found quite frequently in urinary calculi (stones). The CHPD crystals were grown by the single diffusion gel growth technique in sodium metasilicate gel. The crystals were found to be having platelet and broad needle type morphologies. The crystals were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal properties were studied by employing the thermogravimetric analysis. Various kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for dehydration were estimated. The selected platelet was studied by SEM for the growth morphologies indicating that the crystals grew in the form of leaflets having prominent (010) faces. This was in agreement with earlier reported studies.Calcium stones are most commonly occurs form of nephrolithiasis, that is, kidney stones. Calcium oxalate stones are more common than calcium phosphate, but mixed calcium oxalate-phosphate is the most common variety. Struvite stones, usually seen in the setting of urinary tract infections, is the most common type of renal stone. Calcium phosphate is present in urinary calculi as either apatite [Ca 10 (PO 4 The aim is to study the growth morphology of selected crystal by SEM and also study the crystals by applying Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters are to be obtained for dehydration of crystals from the thermogram.In the present investigation, the CHPD or DCPD crystals have been grown by the single diffusion gel growth technique. Glass test tubes of 25mm diameter and 140 mm length were used as a crystallization apparatus. The AR grade chemicals were used to grow the crystals. One of the reactants, 2.5 M orthophosphoric acid solution was mixed with sodium metasilicate solution of 1.06 specific gravity, so that the pH of the mixture could be set to 6.0. The mixture was transferred into different test tubes. After setting gels, the supernatant solution of 1 M calcium chloride was poured without disturbing the set gels. The nucleation started immediately. The first Liesegang ring was observed within 12 minutes of pouring the supernatant solution. The number of Liesegang rings increased with time and total eighteen Liesegang rings were observed after five days. However, at the same time the first few Liesegang rings started diffusing. The distance between two consecutive Liesegang rings was found to be increasing towards bottom of test tubes. The elongated platelet shape crystals as well as broad needle type crystals were grown within the Liesegang rings. Also several platelets originating from a single point as in star or floral formations were also observed.

Urinary type calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (CHPD) or Brushite crystals were grown by the single diffusion gel technique in silica hydro-gels. The gel framework acts as a three dimensional crucible in which the crystal nuclei are delicately held in the position of their formation and nutrients are supplied for their growth. This technique can be utilized as a simplified screening model to study the growth and dissolution of urinary stones in vitro. The action of the putatively litholytic medicinal plants Tribulus terrestris and Bergenia ligulata on the growth of CHPD crystals was studied . The effects of artificial reference urine (ARU) and human urine (HU), along with the plant extracts, are also reported. Attempts were made to understand the role of these inhibitors on urinary crystal formation. HU, ARU, extracts of B. ligulata and T. terrestris exhibit appreciable amounts of inhibition, but B.ligulata and T.terrestris with ARU and HU do not show inhibition at all.

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