Towards a mesoscopic model of water-like fluids with hydrodynamic interactions J. Chem. Phys. 135, 124902 (2011) A semiclassical study of the thermal conductivity of low temperature liquids J. Chem. Phys. 135, 114105 (2011) Rheological properties of alumina nanofluids and their implication to the heat transfer enhancement mechanism J. Appl. Phys. 110, 034316 (2011) Reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation of thermal conductivity in nanoconfined polyamide-6,6 J. Chem. Phys. 135, 064703 (2011) Heat transport in polymer-dispersed liquid crystals under electric field This paper envisages a mechanism of heat conduction behind the thermal conductivity enhancement observed in graphene nanofluids. Graphene nanofluids have been prepared, characterized, and their thermal conductivity was measured using the transient hot wire method. The enhancements in thermal conductivity are substantial even at lower concentrations and are not predicted by the classical Maxwell model. The enhancement also shows strong temperature dependence which is unlike its carbon predecessors, carbon nanotube (CNT) and graphene oxide nanofluids. It is also seen that the magnitude of enhancement is in-between CNT and metallic/metal oxide nanofluids. This could be an indication that the mechanism of heat conduction is a combination of percolation in CNT and Brownian motion and micro convection effects in metallic/metal oxide nanofluids, leading to a strong proposition of a hybrid model.

The viscosity of Graphene nano-sheet suspensions (GNS)and its behavior with temperature and concentration have been experimentally determined. A physical mechanism for the enhanced viscosity over the base fluids has been proposed for the poly-dispersed GNSs. Experimental data reveals that enhancement of viscosity for GNSs lie in between that of Carbon Nanotube Suspensions (CNTSs) and nano-Alumina suspensions (nAS) , indicating the hybrid mechanism of percolation (like CNTs) and Brownian motion assisted sheet dynamics (like Alumina particles). Sheet dynamics and percolation, along with a proposed percolation Network Dynamicity Factor; have been used to determine a dimensionally consistent analytical model to accurately determine and explain the viscosity of poly-dispersed GNSs. It has been hypothesized that the dynamic sheets behave qualitatively analogous to gas molecules. The model alsoprovides insight into the mechanisms of viscous behavior of different dilute nanoparticle suspensions. The modelhas been found to be in agreement with the GNS experimental data, and even for CNT and nano-Alumina suspensions.

We report the spontaneous formation of superconducting NiBi3 phase in thermally evaporated Ni-Bi bilayer films. High reaction-diffusion coefficient of Bi is believed to drive the formation of NiBi3 during the deposition of Bi on the Ni film. Cross sectional transmission electron microscopy and glancing incidence X-ray depth profiling confirmed the presence of NiBi3 throughout the top Bi layer. Superconducting transition at ∼3.9 K, close to the bulk value, was confirmed by transport and magnetization measurements. The bilayers were irradiated with varying fluence of 100 MeV Au ions to study the robustness of superconducting order in presence of large concentration of defects. Superconducting parameters of NiBi3, such as transition temperature and upper critical field, remained unchanged upto an ion dose of 1 × 1014 ions/cm2. The diffusive formation of NiBi3 in Ni opens the possibility of studying superconducting proximity effect at a truly clean superconductor-ferromagnet interface.

Dresden University of Technology, Institute of Semiconductor Technology and Microsystems, assisted in meeting the publication costs of this article. ABSTRACT This work presents a systematic process characterization of subatmospheric chemical vapor deposited (SACVD) borophosphosilicate glass (BPSG). The effects of deposition pressure, ozone concentration, ozone flow, and dopant concentration on the film reflow profile and film properties are presented. Our results indicate that a decrease in the deposition pressure from atmospheric conditions to 200 Ton provides more than a 200% increase in SACVD BPSG deposition rate without affecting film quality. Phosphorous is incorporated in the stable form of P2O5 at all deposition pressures. Higher ozone concentrations improve SACVD BPSG film reflow and film properties. Moreover, at higher dopant concentrations, both film shrinkage and stress-temperature hysteresis decrease.

Artificial structural colors arising from nanosized materials have drawn much attention because of ultrahigh resolution, durability, and versatile utilizations compared to conventional pigments and dyes. However, the limited color range with current approaches has interrupted the supply for upcoming structural colorimetric applications.Here, we suggest a strategy for the widening of the color gamut by linear combination of two different resonance modes originating from silicon nanowire arrays (Si NWAs) and metal−insulator−metal nanoresonators. The enlarged color gamut representations are simply demonstrated by transferring Si NWAs embedded in a flexible polymer layer without additional treatment/fabrication. Optical simulation is used to verify the additive creation of a new resonance dip, without disturbing the original mode, and provides "predictable" color reproduction. Furthermore, we prove that the proposed structures are applicable to well-known semiconductor materials for various flexible optical devices and other colorant applications.