The paper presents the studies on morphological changes in cattle with a different number of fascioles in liver (up to 70 fascioles and up to 250 specimen). A total of 127 heads of 2-4-year-old cattle from the farms of the Republic of Bashkortostan were examined. The diagnosis of fasciolosis was based on epizootological data, clinical indicators, and detection of fasciola eggs in faeces by successive washes of faeces. After slaughter 3 groups of 5 animals were selected based on pathoanatomic, helminthological diagnosis and fasciola invasion intensity. The first group included parasite-free animals, the second group -cattle with an infestation rate of 70 worms/head, the third group -animals with infestation rate of 250 parasites/head. Histological studies were conducted on liver samples in 10% neutral formalin with embedding them in paraffin blocks. After dewaxing 5-7 micrometres thick sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and coloured according to Van Gieson's method for connective tissue examination. Morphometric indicators were studied with an ocular ruler. The data was processed on the Pentium OS with Microsoft Word and Excel software and the Student's t-test results validation. The infected bull calves have an enlarged liver size, dense liver texture and tuberous surface, the thickened capsule, thick, sinuous, expanded yellow-white bile ducts cords. Histological and morphometric methods identified structural changes in hepatocytes, hepatic lobules and the microcirculatory system of the liver. Pathological changes in the liver depend significantly on the average number of parasites found on a single infested animal. The work provides a fasciolosis prevention and treatment recommendation, taking into account the manifested pathological liver processes.

The paper studies the effect of applying probiotics based Subtilin ointment on morphological indicators of the experimental wound healing in rabbits. The study showed that 3 days after traumatic skin damage and applying Subtilin ointment tissue necrosis was found on the tissue specimen. Marked cell infiltration in interfascicular spaces and swollen collagen fibers were found deep in the skin. The wound surface was covered with a thick fibrin and tissue crust. On day 7 active regeneration of the epithelium proliferating under the crust was observed. Native granulation tissue formed under the newly formed epithelium. On day 14 epithelization and granulation processes resulted in forming fibrous connective tissue. The fibrous collagen elements of the new tissue thickened, formed bundles and prevailed over the cellular elements, fibroblasts. On day 21 the epidermis formed layers (stratum basale, stratum spinosum and stratum corneum). The connective tissue had a developed capillary network, tissues under the regenerating area had regular structure but contained regenerating hair follicles. On day 28 epithelization was completed and two types of regenerated connective tissue formed. The first type was fibrous connective tissue made up of thin bundles of collagen fibers where fibroblastic cells and thin-wall capillaries were found. The second type of regenerated connective tissue was similar to regular connective tissue in structure. By that time only appendages of the skin such as hair sheaths sebaceous and sudoriferous glands could not fully regenerate. Thus, application of Subtilin ointment for treating experimental skin wounds in rabbits relieves signs of inflammation, accelerates complete epithelization of the wound on day 28, and forms native granulation tissue under the epithelium that gradually matures to regenerated connective tissue. The structure of the regenerated connective tissue is similar to that of regular connective tissue.

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