Наведено результати досліджень взаємовпливу основних характеристик кіркових процесів із вмістом кортизолу в сироватці крові свиней. Технологічний стрес супроводжувався збільшенням концентрації цього гормону в сироватці крові свиней залежно від типологічних особливостей їх нервової системи у 2,3-2,7 раза. У тварин слабкого типу вміст кортизолу після дії стресфактора протягом місяця вірогідно вище, ніж у тварин сильних типів. Стрес чинить більший вплив (F=1803>FU=2,2; Р<0,001) на вміст цього гормону в сироватці крові свиней, ніж тип вищої нервової діяльності (F=45,1>FU=2,7; Р<0,001). Із збільшенням сили та врівноваженості процесів збудження та гальмування у корі головного мозку знижувався вміст кортизолу у крові тварин (r =-0,58-0,76; Р<0,01-0,001). Встановлену вірогідну взаємодію типологічних особливостей нервової системи та дією технологічного стресу (F=38,8>FU=1,76; Р<0,001), що засвідчує можливі зміни сили, врівноваженості та рухливості нервових процесів за впливу стрес-фактора. Ключові слова: кортизол; вища нервова діяльність; свині; стрес.

The tone of the autonomic nervous system, protein metabolism and enzymes in Cobb-500 crossbred chickens aged 35 and 60 days were studied. The experiment involved 24 chickens, 8 in each group. In birds, the tone of the autonomic nervous system was determined by the method of variation pulsometry. The essence of the method is to record the effect of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems on heart rate in chickens. The effect was determined by recording one hundred consecutive cardio intervals and counting the time interval between each cardiocycle. Venous blood samples were taken from each individual at the age of 35 and 60 days to determine the indicators of protein metabolism (total protein, albumin, globulins) and lipid peroxidation depending on the tone of the autonomic nervous system. It was found that the antioxidant level in chickens with a predominance of the sympathetic division prevailed in all other groups regardless of the age of the bird. At 35 days of age, plasma concentrations of diene conjugates were significantly higher in normatonics and vagotonics (P ˂ 0.05). There was a higher level of activity of ketodienes and Schiff bases in chickens with a predominance of the sympathetic division of autonomic nervous regulation compared with normotonics and vagotonics (P ˂ 0.01). The content of total protein, albumin and globulins prevailed in normotonic hens and was the lowest in vagotonic hens at the age of 35 days. The two-month-old bird with a dominant parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system and normotonic hens had the highest levels of total protein, globulins, and conversely, sympathicotonic hens outnumbered the latter in albumin levels. Histidine content was highest in chickens with a balanced type of autonomic nervous system compared to sympathicotonics and vagotonics (P ˂ 0.05). The concentration of sulfur-containing amino acid methionine was highest in vagotonic chickens (P < 0.05) compared with sympathicotonics. Threonine was highest in sympathicotonics compared with other groups of animals and significantly outweighed vagotonics (P < 0.05). The level of lipid peroxidation products in 60-day-old sympathicotonic chickens was consistently higher in contrast to normotonics and vagotonics. At the same time there was the smallest increase in the activity of diene conjugates and ketodienes (P < 0.05) in chickens with a dominant sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, which indicates a slowdown in the accumulation of the final products of lipid peroxidation.

Coordination of physiological activity and intensity of metabolism in various organs and tissues of a productive animal, depending on environmental conditions and own needs, is provided by the regulatory activity of the corresponding nerve centers. However, the features of the autonomic regulation of the nervous system in this matter can have a significant impact not only on the physiological activity of animals but also on their productivity. Therefore, the question of studying the influence of autonomic regulation on the animal body in general and the interaction of the autonomic system and lipid metabolism is quite relevant. Groups of animals were formed by determining the state of the cardiovascular system according to Baevskyi. Blood plasma was used for the study, lipid extraction was performed by the Folch method. Fatty acid analysis was performed on a Trace GC Ultra gas chromatograph (USA) with a flame ionization detector. Studies have shown that the relative content of saturated fatty acids in blood of normotonics was the highest compared with other groups: sympathotonics – by 1.9%; vagotonics – 0.48%. Regarding the concentration of saturated fatty acids in sympathotonics, it should be noted that the content of stearic acid was the highest (18.07 ± 0.01; P < 0.001) and saturated fatty acids from C6 to C16 were characterized by the lowest values (P < 0.01–0.05) in comparison with other groups The total content of unsaturated fatty acids in blood plasma of sympathotonics and vagotonics was 1.19% and 0.49% higher, respectively, compared with normotonics. Quite interesting is the fact that sympathotonics were characterized by the highest content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the content of which decreased in the range C18:2n6 > C20:4n6 > C18:3n3 > C22:6n3 > C22:5n3, a similar sequence we observed in other groups, although the relative concentration of acids could fluctuate. Normotonics were characterized by the highest levels of some polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:3n3, C22:5n3, C22:6n3) (P < 0.05-0.01), while levels of some unsaturated fatty acids (C18: 1n9, C20: 3n6) were the lowest. Thus, the type of nervous activity has a significant effect on the ratio of fatty acids in blood plasma of cows and autonomous regulation affects the metabolic processes in the animal’s body.

Zhurenko, O.V., Karpovskiy, V.I., Danchuk, О.V., & Kravchenko-Dovga, Yu.V. (2018). Тhe content of calcium and phosphorus in the blood of cows with a different tonus of the autonomic nervous system. Scientific MessengerResearch was conducted on cows of the Ukrainian black-and-white breed of the 2-3 lactation. Tonus of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) of cows was determined using trigeminovagal reflex (TVR). According to the obtained results, an animal was designate as normotonics, sympatheticotoniсs or vagotonics. According to the results of the study of the ANS tonus, 3 experimental groups were formed 4 animals in each. The first group included animals-normotonics, the second -vagotonics, and the third one -sympatheticontics. It was established a tendency of сalcium/hosphorus lower content in the blood of cows during the warm season and higher in the winter (in the range of 3-8%). It should also be noted that there was tendency towards lower calcium content in the blood of vagotonic cows and higher -in sympatheticotoniс animals, regardless of the season. Unlike calcium, the content of phosphorus in the blood of cows significantly depended on the ANS tonus. In particular, the content of this element in the blood of sympatheticotoniс and vagotonic cows in winter was lower by 14.0% (P < 0.001) and 18.3% (P < 0.001), respectively. However, in the summer, this difference became significantly smaller and had character of a trend (at the level of 5.0-7.2%). It has been established that the calcium-phosphorus ratio in cow's blood did not depend significantly on the ANS tonus or on the season of the year, but a clear trend was established for its lower value in summer, regardless of the ANS tonus. The strength of excitability levels of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system according to the results of the TVR in cows did not significantly limit the phosphorus content in their blood in summer, and calcium in winter (η 2 x = 0.00-0.019). But in normotonic animals, the ANS tonus significantly affected the calcium-phosphorus ratio -η 2 x = 0.59 (P < 0.05) and the phosphorus content in their blood -η 2 x = 0.29 (P < 0.05) in winter. It was established that ANS tonus in sympatheticotonic animals limited the phosphorus content in winter -η 2 x = 0.35 (P < 0.05) and the calcium-phosphorus ratio as in summer -η 2 x = 0.29 (P < 0.05) so in winter -η 2 x = 0.45 (P < 0.05). Whereas in vagotonic cows, the ANS tonus limited the calcium content in the summer -η 2 x = 0.26 (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis of the ANS tonus index, phosphorus and calcium content in cow's blood did not establish significant interrelationships depending on the season of the year. However, it should be noted a clear trend of direct correlation of the index of the ANS tonus with the calcium content (r = 0.24-0.35) and the calcium-phosphorus ratio (r = 0.43-44) in the cows' blood and the reverse one with the phosphorus content in the cows' blood (r = -0.22-0.30). The data obtained could indicate on the presence of autonomic regulatory mechanisms ...

No abstract