In conditions of market volatility, an important issue for industrial enterprises is the issue of creating an efficient resource allocation mechanism. The article gives an example about using of individually adapted economic and mathematical model for forecasting the cost of materials and purchased products, that takes into account both internal and external factors affecting the planning figures. In order to create an effective predictive model, an analysis was conducted of statistical data for the period from 2009 to 2016, data was represented by high-tech enterprises of the radioelectronic industry. As a result of analysis it was revealed the presence of statistical regularities in the nature of the distribution of the analyzed data.On the basis of the calculated distribution parameters, a prediction procedure was performed using the exponential smoothing method and the total projected cost of materials and purchased products was obtained. The use of elements of probability theory and mathematical statistics, as well as methods for forecasting time series as basic methods of the model allows to take into account probabilistic economic factors, such as, for example, a change in the exchange rate of a foreign currency, as well as the presence of defects in the production process. Application of a special mathematical apparatus provides an ability to create a flexible, individually-adapted forecasting model. As a result of application of the model intended for forecasting the cost of materials and purchased products at one of industry enterprises it was revealed that the developed model has lover calculation error than the method that is used at the enterprise at present. Thus economic and mathematical model allows increasing the efficiency of the enterprise’s planned system and ensuring a rational resource allocation by increasing the accuracy of the forecasting process.

The article considers the drawbacks of modern monetary-currency systems and their nonconformity to the requirements of current and future technological possibilities of the most world’s countries is concluded. It is substantiated that the principle of benchmarking of currency purchasing power unit in modern monetary-currency systems causes such nonconformity. The evolution character of changing one another benchmarking methods of purchasing power is discussed. The classification of money types and monetary system classes according to a joint classification attribute: benchmarking method of purchasing power, is offered. The hypothesis of the existence of the law describing the correlation between the benchmarking method of currency purchasing power and the economic-technological civilization development level is grounded. The conclusion is drawn that a new type of virtual money with a constant purchasing power has to emerge as the result of this law effect at the national level. At the international level, in future the same demand for correspondence will firstly bring about the making up of supranational units of account of regional and political alliances of countries and then the emergence of supranational world’s currency with a constant purchasing power.

ISBN: 0-471-62373-3, 510 pages. Price: U.K. £29.95, U.S.A. $59.99, Soft Cover. Communicating Sequential Processes, or CSP for short, is a process algebra, i.e. it is a language for describing components that run concurrently and communicate over unbuffered channels by synchronizing on events. It has had a successful history of application to a number of diverse problems, and it benefits from tool support, principally in the form of the model checker FDR. CSP is untimed. That is, although it describes the temporal ordering of events, e.g. 'put' must come before 'get', it does not include an explicit representation of time. Timed CSP is, as the name suggests, a timed extension to CSP that adds explicit timing primi-tives such as 'wait t' which forces a process to wait t time units before enabling the subsequent event. Steve Schneider, now at Royal Holloway (part of the University of London), has been involved in timed CSP since the early days of its development , and is one of a handful of people in the U.K. who are qualified to write a book on real time modelling in CSP. He does a good job of putting his knowledge into print. This is an excellently written book, and I have no difficulty in recommending it for reading by those who wish to know more about both timed and untimed CSP. The current competition in terms of CSP books includes the original book by Hoare[1], and the rather newer book by Roscoe[2]. This book by Schneider is distinct from both, in that it provides the first serious treatment of modelling timed systems in a process algebra-Fencott's book[3] on the Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS) touches on this, but only briefly. Divided into four parts, Schneider's book provides introductions to both untimed and timed CSP without assuming previous exposure to process algebras. The parts come in pairs: untimed CSP and its semantics, followed by timed CSP and its semantics. For those wishing to gain an understanding of timed modelling in process algebras there is little competition , and for a course on such a subject it would likely be a natural recommendation. For a general course on the use of CSP the books by Roscoe and Hoare have more basic material on untimed CSP than this one does, since the emphasis here is on understanding CSP rather than providing explicit guidelines on approaches to modelling. At over 500 pages the author has the space to develop a considerable amount of material. In the untimed setting, traces, failures and divergences are covered in some depth and the parts on the timed language cover similar material including the semantics of timed CSP and timed refinement. The material is written in an accessible style and there are plenty of excellent small examples, together with some larger case studies. The accompanying web site provides both a collection of selected solutions with unlimited access and a complete set of solutions available on request. Two appendices are also included. The first discusses the relationship between timed and untimed CSP and the second provides an intro...