Post-operative capsular opacification (PCO) is a multifactorial physiological consequence of cataract surgery. Opacification involving the central posterior capsule has a significant impact on high and low contrast acuity and low contrast sensitivity. The assessment of PCO on cadaver eyes, experimental studies and culture models and in clinical studies has provided an understanding of its pathogenesis. The proliferation, migration and abnormal differentiation of residual lens epithelial cells and fibers in the capsular bag have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PCO. The incidence and severity of PCO correlates to the use of surgical techniques, intraocular lens (IOL) optic edge designs and IOL materials. This article summarizes the clinical studies with recommendations for retarding the development of central PCO. It discusses experiments with pharmacological agents broadly categorized as anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulating, antiproliferative, antiadhering and antitransdifferentiating agents for the prevention of PCO. These studies will remain critical for future endeavors undertaken for the eradication of PCO.

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No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy and safety of intravitreal brolucizumab therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the real-world setting. The REBA study (real-world experience with brolucizumab in wet AMD) was a retrospective, observational, multicentric study that included 78 consecutive patients (105 eyes), with neovascular AMD, who received brolucizumab therapy. Both treatment-naive and switch-therapy patients were included. Switch therapy was based either on fluid recurrence, fluid recalcitrance, or inability to extend beyond q4/q6. All relevant data were collected. The primary outcome measure was change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) over time. Secondary outcome measures included determination of change in central subfield thickness (CST) and complications. The mean baseline BCVA was 49.4 ± 5.4 letters and 40 ± 3.2 letters, and corresponding mean BCVA gain was +11.9 ± 3.9 letters (p = 0.011) and +10.4 ± 4.8 letters (p = 0.014) in the treatment-naive and switch-therapy groups, respectively. The change in CST was significantly decreased in the treatment-naive (p = 0.021) and the switch-therapy (p = 0.013) groups. The mean follow-up was 10.4 months in both groups. One patient in the switch-therapy group developed vascular occlusion and another a macular hole after the fifth brolucizumab injection. Both patients recovered uneventfully. In conclusion, patients showed a very good anatomical and functional response to brolucizumab therapy in the real world, regardless of prior treatment status, until the end of the follow-up period. Two significant untoward events were noted.

Eyes with the AcrySof IQ SN60WF IOL had significantly higher contrast sensitivity than eyes with an AcrySof SA60AT or AcrySof Natural SN60AT IOL at all spatial frequencies during mesopic testing (with and without glare) with 4.0 and 6.0 mm artificial pupil.