Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o efeito da escolaridade na flexibilidade cognitiva em idosos saudáveis. Participaram voluntariamente 105 indivíduos, de ambos os sexos, com idade compreendida entre os 65 e os 88 anos e de diferentes níveis educacionais (baixo, médio, alto e sem escolaridade). O Mini Mental State Examination e o Inventário de Depressão de Beck foram aplicados para avaliar, respetivamente, o estado cognitivo e a depressão, e o Wisconsin Card Sorting Test foi utilizado para medir a flexibilidade cognitiva. As análises de covariância efetuadas demonstraram que o nível educacional exerceu um efeito principal no desempenho do WCST. Os idosos sem escolaridade e com nível educacional baixo, obtiveram resultados mais pobres nos indicadores de flexibilidade cognitiva que os participantes com nível educacional médio e alto. Estes resultados evidenciam o efeito positivo dos anos de escolaridade nos rendimentos neuropsicológicos em indivíduos saudáveis.
The aim of this study was to analyse the inhibitory control and the ability to maintain response in obese patients with and without Binge Eating Disorder (BED), compared to normalweight subjects. A total of 114 participants comprised three different groups (obese with BED, obese without BED and normal-weight) completed the Frontal Assessment Battery, the Stroop Neuropsychological Screening Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The results showed differences between the obese groups and normal-weight group, to inhibitory control. There were also differences between the two obese groups in the ability to maintain the response. These results suggest that low inhibitory control, characterizes obesity and the difficulties to maintain the response, characterizes the binge eating disorder.
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