External cervical resorption of the root of the tooth, is asymptomatic and has no characteristic morphological manifestations, to make a reliable diagnosis in most cases is impossible. External inflammatory root resorption is one of the most destructive and aggressive types of pathology. The analysis of domestic and foreign literature and publications. This article highlights the main etiological factors and pathogenesis mechanisms of external resorption of the root. Both local and systemic etiological factors can lead to the development of root resorption. Allocate superficial, inflammatory and replacement external resorption. The modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease are considered.