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Experiments on application of hydrothermal nanosilica to increase productivity agricultural plants were carried out. Nanosilica sol was produced by ultrafiltration membrane concentration of orthosilicic acid polymers of hydrothermal solution to SiO2 content 10–20 mas. %. Plants treatment was done by diluted sol with SiO2 content in the range 0.0001–0.2 mas. %. Treatment of seeds ore upground parts of plants once ore twice was applied. SiO2 consumption was about 10–20 g per hectare. Experiments with wide range of plants was done, including potatoes, cabbage, vegetable marrow, onion, mustard, amaranth, tomato, sugar, wheat, beet and radish. Besides productivity biochemical and biometric parameters were changed: plants height, quantity, length, wide of leafs and others. For example, in upground mass of amaranth was detected decreasing of cellular tissue content and increasing grease, total saccharin content with constant content of carotene and protein. In amaranth seeds increasing of oil, squalene, starch, protein, vitamin C content was detected.

This article presents comparative data regarding the effect of foliar application of silicon dioxide and organosilicon compounds on soilless-grown Oak leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. crispa). Data were derived from dry and fresh samples. Total nitrogen, total antioxidants capacity, total phenolic content, ascorbic acid, total pigments concentrations and growth parameters varied in response to the concentrations of the used preparations (silicon dioxide and organosilicon compounds). Capillary zone electrophoresis, spectrophotometry and coulometric analyzer were the principal involved methods. Data of total phenolic content, antioxidants capacity and ascorbic acid concentrations can provide physiological health benefits as functional foods along with an insight to plant stress physiology. Chlorophyll a and b concentrations, nitrogen content, dry matter content, plant height and fresh weights contribute to the understanding of physiological and biometric plants growth parameters.

In the historical perspective, systems for growing food plants have changed in accordance with the development of the technological structures of humanity. The transition from growing plants in open ground with practically unregulated natural conditions to semi-enclosed (industrial greenhouses, vertical farms, phytotech complexes) with an increase in the proportion of controlled microclimatic parameters allowed to achieve an increase in plant productivity. The logic of further social development leads to an understanding of the need to create and use closed tehnobioecosystems of the synergotron class for food production with a a high content of biologically active substances and to save production resources. The paper presents a review of the history of the development of views and concepts of using biological and technical knowledge in the Agrarian Science and production with the purpose to improve the efficiency of agricultural production of open and protected soils, as well as the emergence of new approaches associated with the creation of closed tehnobioecosystems of the synergotron class based on developing digital technologies applied to agricultural science and innovative agricultural production.