Abstract:The Inga genus belongs to the Fabaceae family, subfamily Mimosoideae, Ingeae tribe, and comprises about 300 species, whose name derives from the indigenous terminology "Angá" or "inga", which in reality means "seed is involved." This genre has economic potential in reforestation, herbal medicine, energy production and supply. Many species of this genus are used by Amazonian tribes for the treatment of various diseases. The secondary metabolism of this kind attests to the presence of phenolic substances belonging to the class of flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, phenolic acids, terpene substances such as saponins, triterpenes, phytosteroids, nitrogenous as L-tyrosine derivatives, proline and pipecolic acids, which are considered chemical markers of the gender. Pharmacological studies show important biological properties of pharmaceutical and agronomic interest for species of this genus, particularly antioxidant, insecticide, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, allelochemicals, antifungal and antitumor. Therefore, this review paper aims to show the main bioactivities reported for the genus, the chemical diversity of their secondary metabolism and its chemotaxonomic relevance of nitrogenous substances in the genus Inga.Keywords: pipecolic acid, chemodiversity, pharmacological activity, chemotaxonomy. ResumoO gênero Inga pertence à família Fabaceae, subfamília Mimosoideae, tribo Ingeae, e compreende cerca de 300 espécies, cujo nome deriva da terminologia indígena angá ou ingá , que na realidade significa tem semente envolvida . Este gênero apresenta potencial econômico no reflorestamento, fitoterapia, produção de energia e na alimentação. Muitas espécies deste gênero são usadas por tribos da Amazônia para o tratamento de diversas doenças. O metabolismo secundário deste gênero atesta para a presença de substâncias fenólicas pertencentes à classe dos flavonoides, antocianinas, taninos, ácidos fenólicos, substâncias terpênicas como saponinas, triterpenos, fitoesteroides, nitrogenados como derivados de L-tirosina, prolina e ácidos pipecólicos, os quais são considerados marcadores quimiotaxônomicos do gênero. Estudos farmacológicos mostram importantes propriedades biológicas de grande interesse farmacêutico e agronômico para espécies deste gênero, com destaque para sua atividade antioxidante, inseticida, antiparasitária, antimicrobiana, aleloquímica, antifúngica e antitumoral. Portanto, este trabalho de revisão tem como principal objetivo mostrar as principais bioatividades relatadas para as espécies do gênero, a diversidade química do seu metabolismo secundário e a relevância quimiotaxonômica das substâncias nitrogenadas no gênero Inga.Palavras-chave: ácidos pipecólicos, quimiodiversidade, atividade farmacológica, quimiotaxonomia.

The expansion of agribusiness in Brazil is partly due to the expansion of arable areas in the Cerrado biome, which, consequently, leads to an increase in the use of herbicides, including glyphosate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological and morphoanatomic responses of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth. (Fabaceae), when exposed to the herbicide glyphosate, under controlled greenhouse conditions. In addition, the study proposed to identify possible response patterns of the studied species and provide subsidies for the study of the species in areas affected by the drift of the herbicide. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with seven doses of the herbicide: 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1200 g i.a ha-1 besides the control (0), with four repetitions each. Gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence emission, chloroplast pigment content, membrane permeability, and visual and anatomical features were analyzed. The results showed that glyphosate is phytotoxic to B. virgilioides because, even at low doses, this herbicide was able to affect all parameters analyzed. There was also confirmation of the presence of phenolic compounds, mainly in the palisade parenchyma. The metabolic alterations presented demonstrated the sensitivity of B. virgilioides to glyphosate. Thus, the observed responses can serve as a tool for diagnosing the effects of glyphosate exposure on this species, present in native areas affected by the drift of this herbicide. Its indiscriminate use poses a risk to Cerrado biodiversity.

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