PURPOSE:To investigate the antimicrobial, immunological and healing effects of Melipona scutellaris honey on infected wounds of rat skin. METHODS:Twenty four Wistar rats were distributed in four groups (6-each). The uninfected skin wounds of group I rats were treated daily with saline for 7 days. Uninfected wounds (group II) rats were treated with honey. In group III (treated with saline) and group IV (treated with honey) wounds were inoculated with MRSA ATTC43300. The first bacterial culture was performed 24 hours later. In the 7 th day new culture was done, and wound biopsies were used for cytokines dosage and histopathology. RESULTS:In group I and III rats the CFU/g count of S. aureus in wounds was zero. In group II rats the CFU/g counts in the wound tissue were significantly higher than in wounds of group IV rats. The density histopathological parameters and the expression of TNF-α, IL1-β, Il-6 were significantly higher on wounds of group IV then in the other groups.CONCLUSION: Honey of Melipona scutellaris was effective in the management of infected wounds, by significant bacterial growth inhibition, enhancement of cytokine expression, and positively influenced the wound repair.

1 1-Experimental SurgeryActa Cir Bras. 2017;32(2):90-97 Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effect of tadalafil in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Methods: Group I/R saline rats (n=6) were subjected to 45 minutes of left renal ischemia and treated with saline; the I/R tadalafil rats (n=6) received oral 10mg/kg tadalafil microemulsion one hour before ischemia. In both groups, 8 hours after ischemia, laboratory analysis were performed. Results: Better tissue perfusion was lower in ischemic left/kidney than in right/kidney in saline group, suggesting reduced kidney clearance. Fluorescence in left/kidneys of tadalafil treated rats was lower than in right/kidneys (difference not significant). The fluorescence signal intensity in kidneys of tadafil treated rats was higher than in saline rats. TNF-α levels were significantly lower in I/R tadalafil group rats compared to I/R saline group (154±10.3 vs 391.3±12.3), as well as IL-1β (163.4±13.2 vs 279±11.5pg/dL), and IL-6 (122.9±8.1 vs 173.7±6.3 respectively; p=0.0001). Urea, creatinine and C-reactive protein were significantly lower in tadafil treated rats then in saline group. Conclusion: Tadalafil therapy decreased the expression of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines in a renal I/R rodent model, while improving kidney function proofs.

PURPOSE:To evaluate the heart and the Tc-99m-sestamibi biodistribution after statin pretreatment in a rat model of abdominal sepsis. METHODS:Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly distributed into four groups (n=6 per group): 1) sepsis with simvastatin treatment, 2) sepsis with vehicle, 3) sham control with simvastatin and 4) sham control with vehicle. 24 hours after cecal ligation and puncture rats received 1.0MBq of Tc-99m-sestamibi i.v. 30min after, animals were euthanized for ex-vivo tissue counting and myocardium histological analysis. RESULTS:Myocardial histologic alterations were not detected 24 hours post-sepsis. There was significantly increased cardiac Tc-99m-sestamibi activity in the sepsis group with simvastatin treatment (1.9±0.3%ID/g, p<0.001) in comparison to the sepsis group+vehicle (1.0±0.2%ID/g), control sham group+ simvastatin (1.2±0.3%ID/g) and control sham group (1.3±0.2%ID/g). Significant Tc-99m-sestamibi activity in liver, kidney and lungs was also detected in the sepsis group treated with simvastatinin comparison to the other groups. CONCLUSIONS:Statin treatment altered the biodistribution of Tc-99m-sestamibi with increased cardiac and solid organ activity in rats with abdominal sepsis, while no impact on controls. Increased myocardial tracer activity may be a result of a possible protection effect due to increased tissue perfusion mediated by statins.Key words: Simvastatin. Sepsis. Inflammation. Heart. Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi. Rats.Heart and systemic effects of statin pretreatment in a rat model of abdominal sepsis. Assessment by Tc 99m -sestamibi biodistribition Acta

PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of modified coconut water as fluid of resuscitation combined with simvastatin in hemorrhagic shock and sepsis model in rats. METHODS:Four groups of Wistar rats with hemorrhagic shock and abdominal sepsis were studied (n=8/group). Rats were bled and maintained at a mean blood pressure 35mmHg for 60min. They were then resuscitated with: 1) saline 0.9%; 2) coconut water+3% NaCl;3) coconut water+NaCl 3%+simvastatin microemulsion (10 mg/kg i.v.; 4) normal coconut water. At 8h post-resuscitation, blood and lungs were collected for exams. RESULTS:Clinical scores, TNF-α, IL-1β, liver/kidney proof levels, and lung injury were significantly reduced in coconut water+NaCl 3%+simvastatin group treated rats, comparing with the other resuscitation treatments. CONCLUSIONS:Resuscitation with coconut water with Nacl 3%+simvastatin had a significant beneficial effect on downregulating cytokines and decreasing lung injury in a rat model of abdominal sepsis and hemorrhagic shock. We also demonstrated that coconut water with Nacl 3%+simvastatin administration clearly made liver and kidney function better and improved clinical score.Key words: Shock, Hemorrhagic. Sepsis. Resuscitation. Simvastatin. Foods Containing Coconut. Rats. Effects of cococonut water and simvastatin in the treatment of sepsis and hemorrhagic shock in rats

Purpose: Hemorrhagic shock+trauma is the third leading cause of death worldwide, supported by its frequency, severity and ability to induce systemic inflammatory responses and damage a number of organs. Currently, there is not an ideal fluid for volume replacement. There is relevant knowledge regarding the nutritional composition of coconut water (CW), but studies regarding its use for resuscitation in cases of hemorrhagic shock are lacking. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of modified coconut water (3% sodium) for resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock in an experimental model in rats. Methods: Wistar rats weighing 250-300g were used. In group 1 (n = 6) shock + coconut water (CW); group 2 (n=6) shock + fresh whole blood (FWB); group 3 (n = 6) shock+saline 0.9% (S). At the end of the experiment, levels of TNF, IL-1, IL-2, C-reactive Protein, AST, ALT, urea, creatinine were measured. Results: All animals survived the procedures and tests by the end of the experiment. There was a significant reduction in liver function tests (ALT and AST), urea and creatinine in animals treated with CW, compared with those treated with FWB and S (p <0, 05). However, no significant differences were observed when the parameters were compared between FWB and saline (p> 0.05) groups. The TNF-, IL-1 and IL-2 expression were significantly lower in rats treated with CW than in rats treated with FWB and S (p <0.05). In animals treated with CW the mean level of C-reactive protein was lower than in saline rats (P <0.05). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that, in rats with hemorrhagic shock, i.v. coconut water administration preserved renal and hepatic function, and was superior to fresh whole blood and saline with regard to proinflammatory cytokine expression.