We report clinical and detailed nerve conduction findings in case of polyneuropathy associated with kappa light chains monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance with progression to lymphoproliferative disorder. A 55-yearold man had a predominantly distal, chronic (5 years duration), slowly progressive, symmetric, predominantly sensory impairment with sensory ataxia, and mild weakness. M protein was identified by serum protein electrophoresis. The kappa/lambda ratio of free light chains was significantly elevated to 11.96. The cerebrospinal fluid protein level was elevated at 3.5 g/L. This case study has revealed 2 unusual electrophysiological phenomena-a very unusual prolongation of distal motor latencies of compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) up to 86.5 ms and impaired excitability of the distal segments of the peripheral nerves. The distal CMAP areas were considerably lower compared with the proximal CMAP areas. Radiography of the skull revealed osteolytic lesions.

IntroductionThe main goal of this study was to determine the contribution of the anterior forearm muscles to the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) recorded from the extensor digitorum (ED) after proximal stimulation.MethodsTwenty‐one healthy volunteers and 114 patients with compressive and traumatic radial neuropathies were examined. Stimulation was carried out at six different points: distal third of the upper arm; Erbʼs point; axilla; medial upper arm; antecubital fossa; and ulnar groove.ResultsIn the control group, Erbʼs CMAP area was significantly greater than the distal CMAP area. In compressive neuropathy, there was conduction block, but no change in conduction velocity. There were no differences in Erbʼs CMAP latencies between the control group and the neuropathies group.DiscussionCMAPs recorded over the ED with stimulation at the brachial plexus represent the sum of the motor unit action potentials of the posterior and anterior forearm muscles.

Although isolated lower leg pain (LPP) without neurological deficit is frequently encountered in clinical practice, some of its aspects remain underexplored in the literature. There is contrasting evidence supporting the use of late responses, namely, F-waves and A-waves, in the assessment of nerve root damage. We describe the case of a 29-year-old female who presented with pain in the left calf. Neurological investigations were only significant for a positive straight leg raise test on the left side. F-wave studies of the left tibial nerve at distal and proximal points of stimulation showed the presence of the A-wave preceding the F-wave, the duration of which was prolonged. One year later, the patient reported new-onset left-sided low back pain with radiation to the gluteal area that appeared after a 10-hour airplane flight. Low back and calf pain were resolved with manipulative therapy. A-waves that had been recorded before F-waves were now no longer detectable. The presence of a neuropathic radicular component was accompanied by subclinical damage to motor fibers, as detected by routine F-waves studies. This case report illustrates the utility of integrating F-wave duration and the presence of A-waves into clinical, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging data in determining pain-generating structures in isolated LLP.

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В динамике при госпитализации и после курса лечения изучены клинические проявления, биохимические и микрогемоциркуляторные нарушения, электронейромиографические (ЭНМГ) данные у пациентов с дистальной сенсомоторной нейропатией (ДСМНП) и нейропатическим болевым синдромом (НБС). У 16 из них проведена базисная терапия (группа сравнения), у 25 дополнительно назначались внутривенное лазерное облучение крови (ВЛОК) и ницерголин (основная группа). ДСМНП характеризовалась преимущественно аксональным типом поражения периферических нервов с наиболее измененными ЭНМГ-показателями сенсорных волокон и нервов нижних конечностей. Включение ВЛОК и ницерголина в базисную терапию ДСМНП значимо понизило активацию реакций перекисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ), повысило активность супероксиддисмутазы при сохранении окислительно-восстановительных сдвигов с лактацидемией и повышением соотношения лактат/пируват, а также существенно уменьшило содержание в крови субстанции Р. В основной группе коррекция эндотелиальной дисфункции и нормализация показателей сосудистой реактивности была более эффективной. Полученные данные подтверждают патогенетическую обоснованность использования ВЛОК и ницерголина для лечения пациентов с ДСМНП и НБС. Ключевые слова: сахарный диабет, дистальная сенсомоторная нейропатия, болевой синдром, электронейромиография, внутривенное лазерное облучение, ницерголин.