The description of the geological structure, the modern geoecological state, hydrogeological and mining-geological conditions of the Solotvyno salt deposit (Transcarpathian region) is given. Peculiarities of salt karst development are considered and a retrospective analysis of its development within the mine N 9 is carried out: from catastrophic water inflow, active development of technogenic-activated karst and emergency flooding. The effect of self-tamponing of the karst channel in the area of Chorny Mochar was revealed, which allows to predict the possibility of drainage of mine N 9 and restoration of the underground department of the allergy hospital.
An analysis of the quality of surface water of State Enterprise Rozdil Mining and Chemical Enterprise 'Sirka' was carried out. It was established that in order to ensure ecological balance in the zone of influence of this enterprise, it is necessary to conduct regular monitoring observations, maintenance, supervision and control over the condition of hydraulic structures, elimination of sources of pollution. The obtained research results indicate that there is a need to create an information and analytical monitoring system in order to effectively store, process, and analyze the data based on the principles of comprehensive environmental monitoring for the collection, storage, and processing of data on pollution of various elements of the environment, which will provide forecasting of environmental changes in the territory of the mining and chemical enterprise. On the basis of the obtained research results, a web application was created based on an interactive map of water sampling points, visualization of the obtained results of hydrochemical monitoring of Rozdil Lakes, and a forecast of the state of the water environment.
The ecological condition of the Stebnyk tailings storage during the period of its operation and the development of the processes of filling it with brines to a critical level are analyzed. It is shown that the main reason for the current state of crisis of this object is its incorrect operation and the lack of an effective system for collecting and removing atmospheric water. The concept of hydro-technical reclamation of the tailings storage through the creation of the Stebnyk hydropark has been developed. The proposed technical solutions for the hydro-technical reclamation of the tailings storage include proposals for the design of a network of direct distribution and outlet channels on the territory of the already dry section No. 1, for the unloading of section No. 2. The design of the hydro-technical system "tailing storage -direct distribution and outlet channels channels" is based on a mathematical model of the water balance in conditions of continuous replenishment of ground and surface water and an increase in their level. The proposed hydro-technical network will provide control over the level of brines and discharge of water from the tailings storage facility. Geoinformation technologies were used to visualize the proposed technical solutions for the hydro-technical reclamation of the tailings storage. The implementation of the developed project proposals will ensure an environmentally safe hydrodynamic state of the "tailings storage -direct distribution and outlet channels" system, which will eliminate the threat of brine overflow through the protective dam, as well as the threat of dam breach and brine flow into water objects. Hydro-technical reclamation will ensure the environmental safety of human activities and water ecosystems of the water network of the Dniester river basin.
It has been established that hydrogeological systems in the conditions of the technologically altered geological environment of the salt deposits of the Carpathian region (Stebnytskyi, Kalush-Holinskyi, Solotvynskyi) behave as typical dissipative systems capable of evolution and self-organization. The evolution of karst hydrogeological systems consists in their genesis associated with the beginning of inflows of karst waters into mining productions, the successive growth of their aggressiveness and flow, the activation of karst collapse phenomena, undercutting of walls in mines and sides in quarries, self-isolation of exits of easily soluble minerals and suppression of man-made activated karst, up to complete cessation when salt-snow deposits are completely flooded. Selforganization of karst hydrogeological systems occurs through a cyclic change of four stages: 1) leaching of easily soluble minerals in an aggressive environment; 2) release of poorly soluble and insoluble components; 3) inhibition of leaching due to temporary blocking of easily soluble minerals by a protective layer of the released insoluble residue of terrigenous and poorly soluble minerals; 4) erosion-corrosion disintegration of the protective layer with a cyclical transition to stage 1. The established regularities of the evolution and self-organization of karst hydrogeological systems make it possible to predict the state of mining massifs disturbed by mining operations and salt karst, as well as to propose scientifically based solutions geoecological problems
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