Peripheral regions on the state border are among the most problematic areas of Czechia (the Czech Republic). The special case of the Javorník micro-region which is physically open to and historically anchored within Polish Lower Silesia was chosen as a study area. The question of possible substitution of a peripheral position in the national context by crossborder collaboration was posed, and it is shown that certain potential for this kind of collaboration exists, in the face of already-intensifying cross-border contacts, albeit with relations with Czech 'inland' areas remaining closer than the cross-border tendencies thus far.Keywords periphery • Czech-Polish borderland • rural development • Javorník

Sustainable landscape management involve also water reservoir management. The demand of their reconstruction represents a good opportunity for redesigning hydrotechnical structures and their parameters using recent methods and models. The estimation of wind-driven waves on small water reservoirs and their effects on water reservoir structures rarely are applied, although it is an important part of the dam height calculation. The analysis of wave run-up on the upstream face of the dam was performed by means of the Slovak Technical Standard (STN), Coastal Engineering Manual (CEM), Shore Protection Manual (SPM) and model designed by American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE). The estimations of the wave characteristics differ depending on the model; wave height (H13%) within the range 0.32–0.56 m, wave period 1.32–2.11 s and run-up (R2%) 0.84–1.68 m under conditions of design wind speed 25 m·s−1. Results obtained by CEM, SPM models predict lower values than STN and ASABE models. Since the height difference between the dam crest and still water level in the reservoir is only 0.90 m, we can expect overtopping of the crest by waves after the critical wind speed is exceeded.

Ponds form an important and integral part of our landscape. They naturally integrate the impacts of human activities in their watersheds. Great potential in the retention of nutrients, especially from printed, diffusion and small point sources is naturally hidden in ponds. [Potužák, Duras, 2014] Ponds have several important functions, not only retention one, but even to transform the quality of water, which flows throw the pond, it is mainly the ability of nutrients retention. [Potužák, Duras, 2012]. Nitrates are oppositely considered a unequivocally harmful substance, deteriorating water quality. We are afraid of devaluation of drinking water sources and eutrophication of the seas-wrongly-also eutrophication of our surface waters. During the campaign against nitrates we forgot that in our-mostly eutrophicated-waters, nitrates have a very important function. They are the redox buffer [Duras, 2006].

Wastewater discharge and treatment is today one of the priorities of strategic planning within the South Moravian Region and the whole of the Czech Republic. Wastewater drainage and its subsequent cleaning are basically resolved with respect to the adoption of EU legislative conditions in the Czech Republic for municipalities with more than 2000 inhabitants. Attention is now being directed to municipalities with fewer inhabitants. Existing wastewater treatment plants are currently focusing mainly on the removal of phosphorus from wastewater. Significant amounts of phosphorus in wastewater and its insufficient removal by treatment plants causes problems with eutrophication of surface waters, especially in tanks [1]. The problem of eutrophication and increased concentrations of pollution in tanks has also multiplied in recent years due to high

When designing public spaces in large cities, a number of functional, communication, compositional, infrastructural, environmental and compositional factors should be taken into account, most of which relate to water elements. The appropriate location and form of water elements significantly affect the attractiveness and strengthening of the identity of places in cities. Fountains, artificial and natural urbanized watercourses, artistic installations and sculptures, as well as nature-based solutions that utilize water designed in public spaces significantly increase the social and aesthetic value of public spaces. The main aim of the presented research is to present a spectrum of solutions for water elements in public spaces of cities. The summary part describes guidelines and recommendations regarding the principles of designing the locations of fountains, watercourses and artistic objects that utilize water in public spaces in cities.