This qualitative study aimed to apprehend the meaning of adolescents' pregnancy for their families, using semistructured interviews and collective subject discourse. Adolescent pregnancy is represented as a problem to be faced with family support. The families worry and are mobilized to solve adversities. Besides the shock about the news, impotence as to pregnancy prevention, conformism, happiness and improvement in family relationships due to the baby's arrival, participants evidenced frustration due to the interruption/change in the family life project in terms of the adolescent being pregnant without a stable relationship with the child's father. In valuing the family perspective on adolescent pregnancy, professional care to pregnant adolescents and their families can be delivered in partnership with the family and social context, making it easier to cope with conflicts and recognizing the family as an active subject in this process.

BackgroundThe knowledge and practices of health professionals have a recognized role in behaviors related to the health of their patients. During pregnancy, this influence can be even stronger because there is frequent contact between women and doctors/nurses at periodic antenatal visits. When trained, supported and motivated, these professionals can act as health promoters. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a focused educational intervention on improving the knowledge and practices of health professionals concerning diet and physical activity during pregnancy.MethodsA controlled, non-randomized study was performed to assess the effects of an educational intervention on the knowledge and practices of nurses and doctors who provide primary care to pregnant women. The intervention group, doctors and nurses (n = 22) from the family health units in a medium-sized city of São Paulo State, Brazil, received 16 h of training comprising an introductory course and three workshops, whereas the control group, doctors and nurses (n = 20) from traditional basic health units in Botucatu, did not. The professionals’ knowledge was assessed at two time points, 1 month prior to and 1 year after the beginning of the intervention, using an ad hoc self-report questionnaire. The increases in the knowledge scores for walking and healthy eating of the intervention and control groups were calculated and compared using Student’s t-test. To analyze the professionals’ practice, women in the second trimester of pregnancy were asked whether they received guidance on healthy eating and leisure-time walking; 140 of these women were cared for by professionals in the intervention group, and 141 were cared for by professionals in the control group. The percentage of pregnant women in each group that received guidance was compared using the chi-square test and the Prevalence Ratio (PR), and the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.ResultsThe intervention improved the professionals’ knowledge regarding leisure-time walking (92 % increase in the score, p < 0.001). The women who were cared for by the intervention group were more likely to receive guidance regarding leisure-time walking (PR = 2.65; 95 % CI = 1.82-3.83) and healthy eating (PR = 1.76; 95 % CI = 1.34-2.31) when compared to the control group.ConclusionIt is possible to improve the knowledge and practices of health professionals through the proposed intervention aimed at primary health care teams providing antenatal care.

ABSTRACTobjectives: To understand the conceptions and experiences of nurses about quality of life and quality of work life in primary health care. Methods: A descriptive study using a qualitative approach, conducted in São Paulo state (Brazil), with eight nurses whose interviews were submitted to content analysis of a thematic manner. results: The nurses presented expanded conceptions about quality of life and quality of work life, in general, showing that they were satisfi ed regarding these. However, barriers were identifi ed that compromised the quality of life of the professionals studied in the context determined primarily by the lack / inadequacy of material, human and environmental resources, as well as the established work process. Conclusion: Although there is a recognition of satisfaction in working in primary health care, the problems highlighted reveal the importance of mobilizing greater attention of professionals and managers to the theme. Keywords: Quality of life; Job satisfaction; Primary health care; Nursing staff RESUMO objetivos: Apreender as concepções e experiências de enfermeiros sobre qualidade de vida e qualidade de vida no trabalho na Atenção Básica à Saúde. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado no interior paulista, Brasil, com oito enfermeiros cujos depoimentos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, na vertente temática. resultados: Os enfermeiros apresentaram concepções ampliadas sobre qualidade de vida e qualidade de vida no trabalho, em geral, apresentando-se satisfeitos quanto às mesmas. Entretanto, foram apontados entraves comprometedores da qualidade de vida dos profi ssionais no contexto estudado determinados, principalmente, pela falta/inadequação de recursos materiais, humanos e ambientais, bem como pelo processo de trabalho estabelecido. Conclusão: Embora haja o reconhecimento da satisfação em trabalhar na Atenção Básica à Saúde, os problemas apontados revelam a importância de se mobilizar maior atenção dos profi ssionais e gestores para o tema. descritores: Qualidade de vida; Satisfação no emprego; Atenção primária à saúde; Recursos humanos de Enfermagem RESUMEN objetivos: Aprender las concepciones y experiencias de enfermeros sobre calidad de vida y calidad de vida en el trabajo en la Atención Básica a la Salud. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de abordaje cualitativo, realizado en el interior paulista, Brasil, con ocho enfermeros cuyos testimonios fueron sometidos al análisis de contenido, en la vertiente temática. resultados: Los enfermeros presentaron concepciones ampliadas sobre calidad de vida y calidad de vida en el trabajo, en general, presentándose satisfechos en cuanto a las mismas. Entre tanto, fueron señalados obstáculos comprometedores de la calidad de vida de los profesionales en el contexto estudiado determinados, principalmente, por la falta/ inadecuación de recursos materiales, humanos y ambientales, así como por el proceso de trabajo establecido. Conclusión: No obstante haya el reconocimiento de la satisfacción para trabajar en la Ate...

This study aimed to describe the experience of families in the immunization of children under two years. Descriptive study with qualitative data analysis. Twenty-two subjects participated in unstructured interviews. Results were grouped into three categories: Practical knowledge on children's immunization; Responsibility and compulsory immunization of children; Increasing the scope of children's immunization practices. The findings highlight factors that increase vaccination rates: experience and personal fulfillment in maternity, fear of getting ill, recognizing it as good care, access, schedule flexibility, dissemination, immunization record card, immunization campaigns and availability of vaccines, and factors that increase non-vaccination rates: parent's inexperience, refusal to apply simultaneous immunization, fragmented care, absence of dialog, discrimination, false counter-indications and compulsoriness. Immunization centered on compliance with the calendar or in authoritarian situations is not tied to family care. The bond between health care professionals and families needs to be strengthened to increase the participation in child health protection and promotion measures. Experiencias de familias en la inmunización de niños brasileños menores de dos añosEl objetivo fue describir las experiencias de familias sobre inmunización de niños menores de dos años. Estudio de naturaleza descriptiva, con análisis cualitativa de los datos, entrevistas no estructuradas con 22 sujetos. Resultados agrupados en: Conocimientos prácticos sobre inmunización, Responsabilidad y obligatoriedad en la inmunización, Ampliación de la práctica de inmunización. Fueron destacados elementos que fortalecen la inmunización: experiencia y realización personal en el papel de ser madre, temor a enfermarse, reconocimiento como un buen cuidado, acceso, flexibilidad del horario, divulgación, cartón de vacunas, campañas de vacunación y disponibilidad de vacunas, y elementos de la no-inmunización: inexperiencia de los padres, recusa de aplicaciones simultáneas de vacunas, asistencia fragmentada, ausencia de diálogo, discriminación, falsas contra-indicaciones y obligatoriedad. La inmunización centrada en el cumplimiento del calendario vacunal o en situaciones autoritarias está desvinculada del cuidado familiar.El vínculo con las familias precisa ser fortalecido para ampliación de la adhesión a las medidas de protección y promoción de la salud del niño.Descriptores: Salud del Niño; Inmunización; Atención Primaria de Salud.

Resumo O preparo pedagógico do docente da área da saúde, diante das exigências da educação contemporânea e das diretrizes curriculares nacionais, tem relação direta com a formação de profissionais para atender às necessidades do Sistema Único de Saúde. Fundamentado nessa premissa, este estudo buscou analisar perfil de formação, bases da ação e planejamento pedagógico do docente de enfermagem orientador de estágio em Saúde Coletiva de instituições de ensino superior de dois municípios do centro-oeste paulista, à luz das políticas públicas de educação e saúde. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. A análise empreendida apontou que a prática pedagógica dos 11 docentes entrevistados sofria influência da cultura institucional da educação superior brasileira. As atividades rotineiras estavam calcadas em conteúdos das ciências biológicas, organizados sob a égide da assistência de enfermagem; na exposição oral e reprodução de técnicas biomédicas; na desarticulação entre teoria e prática e no isolamento do trabalho docente. Concluiu-se que as competências docentes nas dimensões educacionais, organizacionais e relacionais precisam ser ampliadas em direção ao planejamento da ação pedagógica, aproximando-se dos referenciais teóricos e filosóficos do SUS e da educação contemporânea, em busca de uma prática integrada, coletiva, democrática, promotora da saúde e da qualidade de vida.