A coastal area has important and vital influences on community’s lives due to the natural resource availability. The coastal area occurs any changes over time affecting the changes in the community and in the ecological perspectives. Banda Aceh is one of the coastal areas that has experienced several significant changes especially after earthquake and tsunami on December, 26th 2004. Due to the condition, it is required to analyze coastal vulnerability in Banda Aceh and neighbor. This research was aimed to investigate the influences of physic parameters consisting of hydrodynamic and morphology parameters on determining Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). The analysis will determine the coastal vulnerability index in one year period. The analysis was carried out in the northern coast of Aceh Province, between Ujong Pancu and Ujung Batee by dividing the areas into 5 (five) cells bordered by natural morphology feature such as inlet, headland, river estuary, and lagoon. Based on 6 (six) physical parameters used on coastal vulnerability index (CVI) determination, it is obtained that 2 cells have low risk potential (green), which are Cell 1 and Cell 3 with the CVI values are 2.45 and 3.0, respectively. Cell 2 has moderate risk potential (yellow) with CVI value is 4.24. Meanwhile, Cell 4 and Cell 5 have high risk potential (red) with CVI values are 5.20
Peristiwa banjir yang dialami oleh masyarakat di hilir sungai Krueng Teunom di Kabupaten Aceh Jaya dapat mewakili kasus-kasus bencana banjir yang sering terjadi di kawasan pesisir barat Provinsi Aceh. Dalam kurun waktu 2012 – 2019 terdapat 28 kali kejadian banjir, akibat luapan sungai Krueng Teunom yang melintasi Kecamatan Keude Teunom. Tinjauan teknis terhadap faktor-faktor penyebab banjir di Kawasan Teunom sejauh ini belum dilakukan secara komprehensif dan terintegrasi, sehingga upaya yang dilakukan untuk memitigasi bencana banjir menjadi kurang efektif. Untuk itu, penelitian ini mempunyai dua tujuan, yaitu: 1) meninjau secara teknis faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya banjir; 2) memberikan rekomendasi terhadap sasaran pengendalian debit sungai Krueng Teunom sebagai upaya untuk mitigasi bencana banjir. Selain melakukan analisis permasalahan banjir secara empiris melalui FGD dengan pemangku kebijakan dan kepentingan, juga dilakukan tinjauan teknis menggunakan analisis spasial berbasis GIS. Penyebab utama banjir di hilir DAS Krueng Teunom adalah penurunan kapasitas sungai (pendangkalan) baik di badan sungai ataupun di muara sungai akibat sedimentasi yang cukup tinggi. Penyebab banjir lainnya adalah besarnya laju angkutan sedimen dari arah laut yang menutup muara sungai. Upaya mitigasi yang disarankan adalah merehabilitasi tanggul-tanggul kritis, mengendalikan dan mengurangi sedimen dari laut untuk mengurangi pendangkalan muara sungai.
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