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As the numbers of women in prison have increased, so have the number of older women behind bars. These older women present unique problems for institutions trying to meet their health care needs. We report findings from our national pilot study of federal and state prisons for women. Prisons report basic services for physical and mental health care, and most report having hospice services. However, those that house larger percentages or that expect to house larger percentages of older prisoners do not significantly differ in their approaches to assessing and providing health care from their counterparts. By failing to anticipate the increase in older women, prisons may be failing to provide for many of the health needs of this vulnerable population.

This article attempts to generate thoughtful dialogue about the perspectives of African-American criminologists, the extent to which they have been excluded from the field of criminology and criminal justice, and methods by which they can be included in efforts to reduce crime and delinquency. Its primary objective is to encourage scholars and policymakers to include the perspectives advanced by African-American criminologists.

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