The objective of this article is to analyze teachers’ assessment of various resources used to teach history. The research methodology is of a quantitative nature with a non-experimental design using a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The non-probabilistic sample comprises 332 history teachers in Primary and Secondary Education in Spain. The analyses carried out are descriptive and inferential. The results indicate that the surveyed teachers value better the resources that imply a greater involvement of the students in the teaching of history and therefore more active methodologies. Specifically, the most valued resources were heritage, artistic productions and museums and, the least valued, video games, textbooks, and applications of historical content for mobile devices and tablets. The study concludes that heritage is a growing educational resource among teachers and shows that teachers are moving away from their perception of resources, which involve a more traditional methodology of teaching history.

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los cambios y las pervivencias en la propuesta de competencias históricas y narrativas nacionales/europeas en los libros de texto de Educación Secundaria. Para ello se han escogido seis libros de dos leyes españolas diferentes y un contenido concreto: la Edad Moderna. Se ha utilizado un enfoque de investigación mixto, combinando técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas. La muestra la compone un total de 1300 actividades. Los resultados indican que los manuales han mejorado en tipología de actividades y en el nivel cognitivo exigido, pero siguen dominando los contenidos de conceptos, hechos y datos concretos. Por otro lado, se vislumbra un cambio en la narrativa propuesta, en la que dominan claramente conocimientos de tipo cultural y artísticos, y en el que las líneas maestras de la narrativa nacional han quedado enmarcadas en un contexto principalmente europeo.

In the educational field, there is a discussion about how to teach temporal concepts within Social Science in Early Childhood Education and in Primary Education. This debate arises from the young age of the students, which shows the need to make use of different teaching approaches from those used in other higher educational levels. As stories have been proved as an effective teaching method used in this educational level for the past 30 years, the research problem revolves around the following question: is it possible to teach temporal concepts in Early Childhood Education using a non-specific story to teach social sciences? For this reason, the purpose of this study was to design, implement, and assess a teaching program for the temporal concepts past/present/future, before/after, and change/transformation in the third year of Early Childhood Education using a non-specific story to teach social sciences. For a better understanding of the program, a brief explanation of the Spanish Educational system has been included. The participants of the study were the 47 students of an Early Childhood and Primary Education Center in Molina de Segura, Murcia, Spain. Quantitative data were analyzed using the software program SPSS v. 24. With the goal of evaluating the students’ achievement of each activity’s objectives, as well as the teaching program as a whole, percentages and frequencies of the assessment charts’ different components were calculated. Once the data from the brainstorming session on the students’ prior knowledge of temporal concepts had been collected, it was transcribed and organized in the corresponding chart. In this way, a primary text document was created. Together with the Initial Questionnaire on Temporal Concepts (IQTC) and the Final Self-assessment Questionnaire (FSQ), which did not require transcription, three hermeneutic categories were created, one for each document, using the program ATLAS.ti (version 7.5.2). The results showed a high percentage of fulfillment of the objectives, with somewhat significant differences between one class and another. These results lead us to conclude that the temporal concepts chosen for this teaching program can be taught in third-year Early Childhood Education classes using the story Ramona la mona by Aitana Carrasco.

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00768-z

Diversos investigadores afirman que se puede enseñar cualquier contenido a través de cuentos no específicos para su enseñanza, incluso en el caso de contenidos de ciencias. El objetivo de esta investigación es diseñar, aplicar y evaluar una propuesta de enseñanza de conceptos temporales en Educación Infantil a través de un cuento no específico para la enseñanza de las ciencias sociales. La información se recoge en tablas de evaluación posteriormente analizadas con el programa SPSS. La propuesta incluye un torbellino de ideas para la detección de ideas previas del alumnado y dos cuestionarios analizados con el programa ATLAS.ti. Los resultados muestran un alto porcentaje de consecución de los objetivos, encontrando diferencias algo significativas entre un aula y otra. Ello nos lleva a concluir que la enseñanza de conceptos temporales sí se puede llevar a cabo en Educación Infantil a través de cuentos no específicos para su enseñanza.