Considerando a grande expressão econômica da produção de manga (Mangifera indica L.) para a agricultura brasileira e a dependência da irrigação, que viabiliza o cultivo no semiárido, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho identificar a lâmina de irrigação adequada para o cultivo da manga ‘Kent’ no semiárido brasileiro. O experimento foi conduzido em campo aberto da Fazenda Special Fruit, no município de Petrolina (PE), utilizando o delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados com 4 tratamentos e 5 repetições, sendo quatro plantas por parcela experimental, com duas plantas úteis. Os tratamentos consistiram em lâminas de irrigação de 60, 80, 100 e 120% de evapotranspiração da cultura recomendada (ETc). Foram avaliados os parâmetros de produção de frutos, qualidade (teor de sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável total, firmeza), fisiologia (fotossíntese, condutância estomática, transpiração e temperatura foliar) e análise econômica, considerando os custos fixos, variáveis e a receita obtida, em função dos tratamentos. A estimativa de maior produtividade da mangueira ‘Kent’ foi de 36,4 e 31,0 t ha-1, para os dois ciclos avaliados, sob uma lâmina de irrigação de aproximadamente 82% da ETc. A maior condutância estomática nas folhas da manga ‘Kent’ foi obtida com lâmina de irrigação de 79,28% da ETc. A redução na lâmina de irrigação aplicada em até 60% da ETc proporcionou maior eficiência de uso da água no cultivo da mangueira ‘Kent’; no entanto, a maior receita líquida foi obtida com a lâmina de 80% da ETc.

Mango production has been having a great economical expression in the Brazilian agriculture. However, the economic crisis and increased competitiveness of the international market required improvements in the crop efficiency for its sustainability. In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation system on the physiology and fruit yield and quality of Palmer mango trees in the semiarid conditions of the Lower Middle São Francisco Valley, Brazil. The experiment was carried out at the Agranvil Farm, in Petrolina, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, with harvests in July 2013 and October 2014. A randomized block statistical design was used, with four treatments replicated in 5 blocks, during two production cycles. The treatments consisted of four irrigation systems: one micro sprinkler under the plant canopy (MSPC); drip system with two lateral lines per plant row (DSLL); one micro sprinkler between plants (MSBP); and ring-shaped drip system around the plants (RSDS). All treatments provided a flow rate of 56 L h-1 plant-1. The physiological characteristics evaluated were: photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, leaf transpiration, and leaf temperature. Fruit yield, quantity, mean weight, volume, soluble solid content, titratable acidity (TA), density, and pulp firmness were evaluated after the harvest. The evaluated treatments presented significant differences for the physiological variables. The treatment DSLL provided higher number of fruits and fruit yield, and the treatment MSBP provided the lowest results for these variables.

The viticulture in the semiarid region of Brazil stands out in the country due to the expansion of its cultivated area and increased production, especially in the sub-mid São Francisco Valley. However, the supplying of water and an efficient replacement of nutrients to the soil are essential for these crops, due to the intrinsic climatic conditions of this region, such as low rainfall and high evapotranspiration. This study aimed at evaluating the physiological characteristics of ‘Itália’ grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) under irrigation and fertilization management. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with four replications, in a split-plot arrangement, with four irrigation water depths (0.75, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.5 times the crop coefficient) in the plots and four fertilizer rates (100 %, 75 %, 50 % and 25 %, based on the recommended fertilizer rates for this crop) in the subplots, with addition of organic compounds. The leaf water potential, leaf chlorophyll content, relative water content, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 partial pressure, leaf temperature and biomass accumulation in the berries were evaluated. The highest leaf chlorophyll contents were found in treatments with fertilizer rates of 70-85 %. Stomatal conductance decreased with the increasing irrigation water depths, thus reducing the internal CO2 partial pressure and increasing the leaf temperature and air vapor pressure deficit. The reduction of 25 % in the conventional fertilization and irrigation of 135 % of the recommended coefficient resulted in the highest average weight of berries. The highest yields were obtained with the lowest irrigation water depths and fertilizer rates of 50-65 %.

Facing the fruit market’s search for more efficient production systems, this research aimed to identify an arrangement of efficient irrigation systems for the productive and postharvest characteristics of ‘Kent’ mango fruits, under the conditions of the Brazilian semiarid. The research was performed in an agricultural property in the municipality of Petrolina-PE, with the soil classified in Quartzarenic Neosol. Four irrigation system arrangements were tested: a micro sprinkler below the canopy; a micro sprinkler between plants; two lateral dripper lines per row of plant; and a ring-shaped drip strip around the plant in a randomized block design with five repetitions. The productive characteristics were evaluated, such as number and average weight of fruits and productivity; and qualitative parameters (evaluated by plant quadrant): volume, density, firmness, soluble solids content and titratable acidity. A micro sprinkler between plants provided a greater number of fruits and productivity, as well as greater firmness and titratable acidity for mangoes of the South and West quadrants; these characteristics associated with the lowest soluble solids content of the pulp, at the time of harvest, was also obtained with a micro sprinkler between plants and induce a longer post harvest time to the fruits.

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