Resumen Se modeló por lógica difusa (LD) la preferencia sensorial (ps) y la vida útil de aceptabilidad sensorial (VUAS) por pruebas aceleradas de corazones de alcachofa en conserva, marinadas en aceite de sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis), soya (Glycine max) y oliva (Olea europea); las que fueron evaluadas por una prueba Ranking, utilizando un panel semi-entrenado, para conocer la mayor preferencia tanto para sabor (s) como para la limpidez (l). Asimismo se evaluó la ps global utilizando operaciones difusas de intersección (AND) y unión (OR) del s y la l; empleando funciones de pertenencia triangular, con el método de Mamdani para la defuzificación con 25 reglas lingüísticas. La intersección presentó el mejor desempeño para el modelamiento, obteniéndose el mejor valor de ps de 3,30 para el tratamiento con aceites de sacha inchi (50%), oliva (25%) y soya (25%) (p << 0,05); la cual fue sometida a pruebas aceleradas a 37 ºC, 49 ºC, 55 ºC y evaluadas de acuerdo a su aceptabilidad sensorial mediante una prueba de escala no estructurada en cuanto al s y l. Se determinó la VUAS por pruebas aceleradas con LD a través de la operación difusa de intersección del s y l, funciones de pertenencia triangular, e igualmente 25 reglas lingüísticas. Se determinó una VUAS a 20 ºC para una AS "alta" de 296 días y para una AS entre "alta e inicio de una AS media" de 569 días. Ambos valores fueron menores que el tiempo de 892 días determinado por pruebas aceleradas en las conservas, utilizando el índice de peróxido.

A bi-factorial experimental design was considered to assess moisture variation of sweet potato-quinoa-kiwicha flakes (SP-Q-K) caused by the changes in the rotational speed and steam pressure of a rotary drum dryer (RDD). As it is a design with discrete variables, there is a limitation in the modeling and optimization thus techniques of Artificial Intelligence (AI): Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Genetic Algorithms (GA), were applied, and their prediction ability evaluated. Due to the limitation of data for proper training, the ANN did not allow a correct prediction of the experimental data. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to obtain the relational equation among the experimental variables, which was used as the objective function with GA, and this allowed moisture optimization. Because of this, it is recommended to integrate RSM and GA into optimization studies. In this research the use of FL among variables, enabled us to get the best prediction adjustment of experimental values (R 2 = 0.99), with a mean absolute error of 0.6±0.66 %, setting a pressure value of 5 atm and a speed value of 6 rpm for flakes at 4.99 % humidity.

Potato is grown and consumed throughout the world for their particular calorific nutritional value and vitamin C, but it also contains phytochemicals (secondary metabolites) that have been studied and found to have positive effects in preventing degenerative diseases in human health, such as hypertensive activity, and also atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, liver fibrosis, Alzheimer's disease, macular degeneration and cancer. We aimed to identify and quantify phenolic compounds in potatoes grown on El Zuro (EZ) and Huayatan Alto (HA) in Santiago de Chuco, La Libertad, Peru. The field trials were carried out in EZ (altitude 3750 m.a.s.l.) and HA (altitude 3150 m.a.s.l.) employing organic and inorganic fertilization respectively. Extraction from the peel and flesh was obtained separately, with the following solution: 50% methanol, 50% deionized water and 0.5% acetic acid. The sample was injected into the system UPLC -MS / MS, using ESI ionization (Electrospray Ionization) and fifteen external reference standards. Thirteen metabolites were detected in the flesh and potato peel. The highest content of secondary metabolites (mg/100 g DW) were: Chlorogenic acid (476.82 ± 63.58), neochlorogenic acid (87.90 ± 19.42) caffeic acid (77.53 ± 14.49) and vanillin (11.52 ± 1.38). The PCA (Principal Components Analysis) scores show that the highest concentration of metabolites was found in the peel of both cultivars. We concluded that the native potato Huagalina contains the genes expressed in different biosynthetic pathways of the metabolites found in this study.

For over two decades, there has been an increasing interest in finding natural antioxidants, because they can protect the human body from free radicals and retard the progress of many chronic diseases. Phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in potato cooking water from freeze-dried slices with peel and from whole potato stored for 20 days. Extracts were obtained with an aqueous solution composed of 50% methanol and 0.5% acetic acid. Fifteen secondary metabolites were monitored using the Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography system coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS / MS). A calibration curve (from 0.1 ng to 100 μg) was generated and the data was analyzed using the software "MassHunter Workstation" VB 06.00, the results were expressed as mg/100 g of sliced potato or raw potato. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was performed using XLSTAT 2015 Software. The potato cooking water contains phytonutrients with potential antioxidant activity to prevent non-transmissible degenerative diseases. The metabolite content in the cooking water of the Huagalina native potato is directly related to the freshness of the product before cooking. Potato cooking water could be considered a neutraceutical food. However, further research is required to identify any other substances that can be harmful to health depending on the amount consumed.

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