Ключевые слова:комплекс гликозилированных полипептидов; острый бронхит, индуцированный формалином; морские ежи; S. Droebachiensis. Список сокращенийКГП -комплекс гликозилированных пептидов БК -бокаловидные клетки ГХ-МС -газовая хроматография с масс-детектированием ВЭЖХ-ELSD -высокоэффективная жидкостная хромато-графия с детектированием по светорассеянию испаренного образца РезюмеПроведено изучение противовоспалительной активности ком-плекса гликозилированных полипептидов (КГП), выделенных из морских ежей вида Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, на модели острого бронхита, индуцированного эндотрахеальным введением 1 % раствора формалина у крыс-самцов линии Wistar. Животным экспериментальных групп распыляли инга-ляционно раствор КГП в дозах 25, 50 и 100 мкг/кг, контроль-ным -препарат сравнения амброксол в дозе 3,6 мг/кг один раз в день на протяжении 7 дней, начиная со дня индукции патологии. Через 24 ч после индукции патологии КГП в дозе 100 мкг/кг снижал общее количество лейкоцитов в бронхо-альвеолярном лаваже на 34 %, через 48 ч -на 61 % по сравнению с контрольной группой животных (р ≤ 0,05). Если в норме количество бокаловидных клеток на 1 мм слизистой бронхов составило 33,7 ± 1,7, после воздействия формали-на -67,5 ± 1,8, то после курсового применения комплек-са полипептидов (7 дней) в дозе 100 мкг/кг -55,7 ± 2,7. Гистоморфологически мононуклеарная инфильтрация под-слизистого слоя бронхов лимфоцитами и макрофагами, нейтрофильными лейкоцитами слизистой и подслизистой оболочек оказалась достоверно ниже, чем в контрольной группе животных (p < 0,05), подвергшихся воздействию формалина без фармакологической защиты. По результатам исследования установлена противовоспалительная актив-ность комплекса гликозилированных полипептидов в дозе 25, 50 и 100 мкг/кг, не уступающая аналогичной активности ам-броксола (3,6 мг/кг). For citation: Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 2016;14(4):9-15 Received: 17.10.2016 Accepted: 28.11.2016 Keyword: sEArCh for thE nEw Anti-infLAmmAtory AgEntsglycosylated polypeptide complex; acute formalin-induced bronchitis; sea urchins; S. droebachiensis. AAdsoras.We performed the study of the anti-inflammatory activity of glycosylated polypeptide complex (GPC) extracted from sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis in the model of acute bronchitis induced by endotracheal administration of 1% formalin solution in male Wistar rats. Animals of experimental groups were inhaled by GPC solution at 25, 50 and 100 mcg/kg, control animals -by the reference drug ambroxol at 3.6 mg/kg once daily du ring 7 days starting from the day of pathology induction. 24 hours after pathology induction GPC at 100 mcg/kg reduced the total leukocyte count in the bronchoalveo-

Mitochondrial dysfunctions (an impaired energy metabolism in the mitochondria) are essential in a pathogenesis of many diseases. Aim. The analysis of various mitochondrial dysfunction (MD) type study, as well as evaluation of drugs with an antihypoxic effect in their treatment. Methods. Collection, systematization and analysis of experimental and clinical data of current scientific research about the problem. Results. The mitochondrial dysfunctions can be caused by genetic disorders of the mitochondrial or nuclear genome (the primary MD or the mitochondrial diseases), as well as structural, functional and biochemical defects of mitochondria caused by other diseases (the secondary MD). MD are characterized by impaired tissue respiration, ATP synthesis deficiency and decreased energy metabolism. The clinical implications of MD are polysystemic and polymorphic. One of the biochemical sign of MD is the lactic acidosis. There are certain difficulties with the early diagnosis of primary MD. It is suggested to use complete exome sequencing among patients with a clinical suspicion on mitochondrial disease. The energotropic pharmacotherapy including drugs with an antihypoxic effect is used for MD treatment. It is more rational to use the drug combination that influences different stages of energy production. The combinations of L-carnitine, coenzyme Q10, cytochrome C and succinate-containing drugs are frequently used for MD. However, the usage of energotropic and antihypoxic drugs is not able to cure the patients and stop the progression of all disease displays. Conclusion. MD are a multidisciplinary problem, therefore, doctors of any speciality must be competent in the MD diagnosis and treatment. The use of energotropic agents in the MD treatment requires further research. Numerous issues remain open (daily drug doses choice, treatment duration, rational combinations). The phenotype variability and the uniqueness of diagnosed cases, clinical and genetic differences between patient groups with mitochondrial diseases fail to create homogeneous samplings for therapy effectiveness and safety analysis. The literature data are the results of different degrees of reliability. The international efforts are needed to unify studies of related mitochondrial disorders, which, in combination with a constant improvement of MD pathogenesis knowledge will allow to develop more effective treatment regimens.

Ключевые слова:морские гидробионты; морские ежи; респираторные вирусные инфекции; противовирусная, противовоспалительная, антиок-сидантная активность пептидов и полисахаридов из морских ежей. РезюмеВ обзоре представлены сведения о возможности использова-ния биологически активных соединений, в частности пептидов и полисахаридов, из морских гидробионтов в качестве потен- Keywords:  sea hydrobionts; sea urchins; respiratory viral infections; antiviral; anti-inflammatory; antioxidant activity of peptides and polysaccharides from sea urchins. PROGRESS IN USING THE DRUGS BASED ON HYDROBIONTS IN TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS AND THEIR COMPLICATIONS Abstract. The data of possibilities to use biologically active compounds, peptides and polysaccharides in particular, from sea urchins as potent sources of drugs are represented in the article. Their ability to act on the main chains of pathogenesis of the respiratory viral infections has been shown. So peptides and polysaccharides possess anti-inflammatory action due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase and inhibition of MAP kinase p38 phosphorylation, as well as antioxidant, immune correcting, antiviral and antibacterial effects. The progress in searching new drugs based on glycopeptides from sea urchins for treatment of respiratory tract infections and their complications are discussed.