Synthetic three-dimensional (3D) nanoarchitectures are providing more control over light-matter interactions and rapidly progressing photonic-based technology. These applications often utilize the strong synergy between electromagnetic fields and surface plasmons (SPs) in metallic nanostructures. However, many of the SP interactions hosted by complex 3D nanostructures are poorly understood because they involve dark hybridized states that are typically undetectable with far-field optical spectroscopy. Here, we use experimental and theoretical electron energy loss spectroscopy to elucidate dark SPs and their interactions in layered metal-insulator-metal disc nanostructures. We go beyond the established dipole SP hybridization analysis by measuring breathing and multipolar SP hybridization. In addition, we reveal multidimensional SP hybridization that simultaneously utilizes in-plane and out-of-plane SP coupling. Near-field classic electrodynamics calculations provide excellent agreement with all experiments. These results advance the fundamental understanding of SP hybridization in 3D nanostructures and provide avenues to further tune the interaction between electromagnetic fields and matter.

Hard magnetic strontium hexaferrite SrFe 12 O 19 nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol–gel hydrothermal method. The factors affecting the synthesized process, such as the mole proportion of the reactants, pH, temperature, the hydrothermal conditions and the calcination process, have been investigated. The crystal structures of these materials were refined by Rietveld method. The obtained materials have single crystal phase, equal nano-size, plate shape and high anisotropy. The high magnetic coercivity of 6.3 kOe with the magnetization at 11.1 kOe of 66 emu  g −1 at room temperature was observed for the strontium hexaferrite nanoparticles. For other nanoparticles (SrLn x Fe 12-x O 19 and SrFe 12 O 19/CoFe 2 O 4) synthesized on the basis of SrFe 12 O 19 the complex completion of the crystal structure distortion and the interaction between magnetic phases were observed.

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