The controversial Uber test has been applied once again. The CJEU judgment in the case C62/19 Star Taxi App acknowledges that the test is applicable and correct in its current form and no changes or improvements can be expected at least for now. In the meantime, the judgment gives one more example on how the Uber test can be executed and what are the preconditions for passing this test successfully. However, one of the most significant aspects that could affect the outcome of this test, that is, whether the factors of the Uber test are cumulative or alternative, remains unclear.

Sharing economy is associated with various risks for the society. The main risks concern consumer protection, employment protection and tax administration. To eliminate or reduce these risks, states need to take action. However, it must be kept in mind that, since provision of sharing economy services often involves cross-border element, it is protected under one of four economic freedoms -freedom to provide services. Freedom to provide services limits possibilities to regulate provision of sharing economy services, but it does not preclude such measures. The nature of these risks justifies measures limiting free movement of sharing economy services, but only if the measure is not related to protection of economic interests, it is considered proportional and does not breach fundamental freedoms or other EU law measures.Atslēgvārdi: pakalpojumu sniegšanas brīvība, pakalpojumu brīva kustība, līdzdalības ekonomika, pakalpojumi, ierobežojumi Keywords: freedom to provide services, free movement of services, sharing economy, services, limitations 1 Schewe Ch., Gailītis K. Iekšējā tirgus ekonomisko pamatbrīvību vispārējā struktūra. Grām.: Schewe Ch. (zin. red.). Eiropas Savienības tiesības. II daļa. Materiālās tiesības. Rīga: Tiesu namu aģentūra, 2016, 167. lpp.

The personal sphere of application determines which subjects can rely on the freedom to provide services. The sharing economy services are being provided differently than traditional services, involving sharing economy platforms and nonprofessional service providers. The analysis of the rulings of the Court of Justice of the European Union gives ground to conclusions that sharing economy service receivers and service providers (platforms, professional and non-professional service providers) should be protected by the freedom to provide services. atslēgvārdi: pakalpojumu sniegšanas brīvība, līdzdalības ekonomika, pakalpojumi, pakalpojumu sniedzēji, pakalpojumu saņēmēji, Eiropas Savienība

No abstract

2020. gada beigās Eiropas Komisija prezentēja tās priekšlikumu Digitālo pakalpojumu aktam. Šis akts aizstās starpnieku pakalpojumu sniedzēju atbildības regulējumu, kas šobrīd iekļauts Direktīvā par elektronisko tirdzniecību. Lai arī normas, kas tiks pārņemtas no Direktīvas par elektronisko tirdzniecību, tiks tikai nedaudz grozītas, starpnieku pakalpojumu sniedzēju atbildība un pienākumi palielināsies. Tas netiks sasniegts, atkāpjoties no vispārēju pārraudzīšanas saistību neesamības principa, bet gan nosakot preventīvu pasākumu veikšanas pienākumus, tiešsaistes satura uzraudzīšanu, ko veiks trešās personas, un ieviešot institucionālo uzraudzību.