Background: community acquired pneumonia also known as CAP refers to pneumonia contracted by a person with little contact with the healthcare system. Narrow spectrum antibiotics are generally considered to be the first line of treatment however there is considerable concern about the emerging resistance among the usual CAP pathogens to the most commonly used antimicrobial agents. The objective of this study was comparison of different antibiotic treatment in children with community-acquired pneumonia.Method: A total of 100 paediatric patients who were admitted to the Emergency Department of medical institution with suspicion of pneumonia were included in the study. All the patients will be divided broadly into two study groups with 50 patients in each group. Group 1 patients were given intravenous amoxiclav, while Group 2 received intravenous ceftriaxone.Results: In present study subjects from, Group 1 i.e. amoxclav group 42% had fever, i.e. 24% were suffering from tachypnea and only 4% suffered from tachycardia and abnormal was found in 20/50 patients. Whereas in Group 2 -60% were suffering from fever, 16/50 i.e. 32% has tacypnea, 3/50 i.e. 6% had tachycardia and 16/50 i.e. 32 had abnormal WBC. In present study abnormal WBC was found to be more in first group.Conclusions: Ceftriaxone and amoxiclav can be used successfully in treatment of CAP.

Background: Asthma is widely known as a multifactorial respiratory disorder with both genetic and environmental underlying risk factors. Exposures to common allergens and air pollution from various sources have all been implicated as triggers of the disease. Chronic respiratory diseases are leading cause of death worldwide. The objective of this study was to study the prevalence of bronchial asthma and its associated factors among children of known population.Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study consisting of 400 children. Data was obtained from two government schools and two private schools. Both males and females aged below 10 years were selected for the study. A pretested and validated questionnaire was designed.Results: The prevalence of asthma in current asthmatics in present study was found to be 20%. The prevalence rate was higher among those with family history of asthma. 82.5% current asthmatics were suffering from rhinitis.Conclusions: Asthma is a common problem faced in today world especially in children the symptoms and risk factors should not be ignored. Those with family history of asthma should take precautions.

Introduction: Seizures are more common in the neonatal period than in any other stage and affects approximately 1% of all neonates. Amongst neurological disorders, seizures are the most common in neonates. The study was conducted to determine the aetiology and clinical profile of neonatal seizures. Materials and Methodology: This study was designed to be a hospital based prospective observational study was undertaken in the in the hospital attached neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), RIMS, Raichur. A total of 500 neonates presenting with seizures or who developed seizures in hospital from 01 February 2022 to 31 May 2022 were enrolled in the study. All neonates (age 0 – 28 days) who presented to the hospital with history of seizures or who develop seizures during the course of hospital stay were taken into study. Detailed antenatal history examination and clinical details of each seizure episode reported by the mother and subsequently observed by the resident doctors on duty were recorded. Results: Among these 405 patients (81%) were from rural areas and 95 patients (19%) were from urban areas.

Introduction: Hyponatraemia is reported to be the most frequently occurring electrolyte imbalance which is most commonly seen in critically ill children. The aim and objective of this study was to find out the frequency of hyponatremia in pneumonia and to find the association and significance of hyponatremia in patients affected with Pneumonia. Materials and Methodology: This study has been designed as an in-patient hospital based prospective study will be conducted to evaluate the association and significance of hyponatremia in Paediatric patients affected Pneumonia being treated in RIMS, Raichur. 120 patients will be selected as the study participants for the study after obtaining informed consent from the parents as well. Statistical analysis should be carried out by using appropriate statistical tests. Both the groups have to be compared by the student t – test for continuous variables and Chi-square/ Fischer’s exact test for all the categorical variables. The p value of less than 0.05 will be taken as significant. The data will be analysed by statistical software SPSS latest version. Results: . The patient’s serum sodium level ranged from 124 - 145 mEq/L (both found at 0 hour) and none were observed to have hypernatraemia.