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Introduction: Foreign bodies in the oesophagus is one of the commonly seen conditions in the Department of OItorhinolaryngology. Aim: To describe the clinical features and time delay of patients presenting with oesophageal foreign bodies. Materials and Methods: Present study was a retrospective study of case records of 60 patients who underwent rigid oesophagoscopy for foreign body removal at Mandya Institute of Medical Sciences Mandya, Karnataka, India, from January 2017 to December 2019. Details like age and sex of the patient, presenting symptoms, time delay in presentation to the hospital, the type of foreign body ingested, location of the foreign body in oesophagus, any complications were noted in a detailed case proforma. Preoperative X-ray of neck and chest was done in all patients. Descriptive statistical tests like percentage and mean were used to analyse the data. Results: Out of 60 patients, 36 (60%) were children and 24 (40%) patients were adults. Coin was the most common foreign body seen in children (n=32/60, i.e., 53.3%) whereas meat bone was the most common foreign body in adults (n=16/60, i.e., 26.6%). Forty two patients out of 60 presented within 24 hours of foreign body ingestion. Two patients presented after 72 hours of foreign body ingestion. Thirty one patients presented with foreign body sensation in throat, dysphagia was present in 21 patients and two patients presented with fever. Two patients who presented more than 72 hours after foreign body ingestion had mucosal oedema on rigid oesophagoscopy. There was mucosal injury in four patients intraoperatively, two were with dentures, one was with button battery and the other was with a sharp metal locket. Conclusion: Coin was the most commonly seen foreign body in children whereas meat bolus with or without bone was most commonly seen in adults. Timely diagnosis and early removal of the foreign body should be done to prevent complications.

A polypoidal mass in the nasal cavity is a condition commonly encountered by the Otorhinolaryngologist. A diverse group of lesions may present themselves as polypoidal masses. A number of benign looking polyps often turn out to be malignant lesions or vice versa. OBJECTIVES: This study is intended to clinically differentiate the various conditions presenting as nasal polypoidal lesions, to understand their exact nature by histopathological examination and thereby learn the relative incidence of individual conditions encountered. METHODOLOGY: Detailed history, clinical examination and histopathological examination of nasal polypoid masses were done in 73 patients. Incidence, clinical features and histopathological correlation of all the polypoidal masses were ascertained. RESULTS: Of the 73 cases, 53 (72.6%) cases were non-neoplastic and 20 (27.4%) were neoplastic lesions. The non-neoplastic lesions included nasal polyps, rhinosporidiosis, pyogenic granuloma and mucocoele. Benign neoplasms included inverted papilloma, haemangioma, angiofibroma, neurilemmoma and pleomorphic adenoma. Malignant neoplasms included squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma and olfactory neuroblastoma. CONCLUSION: Polypoidal masses in the nose may range from non-neoplastic lesions to benign and malignant neoplasms with various histopathologic findings. It is impossible to distinguish between such lesions clinically. Hence, it is essential that all polypoidal masses removed should be evaluated histopathologically, to make a correct diagnosis.

<p>Parapharyngeal space is one of the potential facial planes for neoplasms representing less than 1% of all head and neck tumours, often pose therapeutic and diagnostic problems due to variable nonspecific symptoms and the complex anatomy of the space and tend to delay the diagnosis resulting in poor prognosis. We here with report a 21 years old female patient, who presented with change in voice and swelling in right submandibular area. On examination of oral cavity, a smooth firm bulging mass was seen in the right tonsillar and para-tonsillar region with medialisation of right tonsil. Contrast enhanced computed tomography showed minimally enhancing encapsulated soft tissue density mass in right parapharyngeal space. Patient underwent excision through transcervical approach. Histopathology of the specimen showed pleomorphic adenoma. No evidence of recurrence till date.</p>

ntroduction: Oral cancer ranks sixth among all types of cancer. India has the largest number of oral cancer cases and one-third of the total burden of globally.Though early detection of oral cancer provide long term survival and affordable healthcare, it still poses a signicant public health problem in India due to diagnosis in advanced stages, lack of accesibility to trained healthcare professionals and economical constraints for advanced facilities This cross sectional, lack of accesibility based study was conducted at Mandya Institute of MedicalMaterials and Methods: Sciences, Mandya to assess the perceptions regarding oral cancer among 100 MBBS and 100Nursing graduates from South Karnataka. A structured proforma was used to interview the participants which included (a) General information (b) Problem statement (c) Risk factors (d) Signs & Symptoms (e) Diagnosis, and (f) Treatment & prevention. Data was entered in MS excel spreadsheet. Descriptive analysis like proportion, mean, standard deviation, etc. was used. Statistical tests to detect signicant difference or association like T test, chi square test, etc was used. Results: The mean age of medical graduates was 25.9 ± 0.7 years and the mean age of nursing graduates was 23.1 ± 0.8 years. In this study 61.0% of the medical graduates were males whereas 86.0% of nursing graduates were female. The knowledge regarding the disease burden among medical graduates was 41.0% and that among nursing graduates was 23.0%. 86% of MBBS graduates and 84% of nursing graduates perceived smoking, chewing tobacco and tobacco with alcohol as risk factors for oral cancer. Most of the medical graduates (82.5%) and nursing graduates (87.5%) perceived white patch and weight loss as clinical features of oral cancer.Clinical examination as an aid to diagnose oral cancer was upheld by 89.0% of medical and 95.0% of nursing graduates. 95.0% of medical graduates knew that early stages could be treated with surgery and chemo- radiotherapy was preferred for advanced stage of the disease compared to 42.0% nursing graduates.