The present study deals with one of India's major concerns is the increasing level of land pollution largely due to the uncontrolled disposal of industrial solid and hazardous waste. The present work carried out on monitoring of various physico-chemical parameters and to evaluate the impact of disposal of electroplating industrial effluent on water quality in Chandigarh and nine districts of Haryana. The various parameters like pH, temperature, Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), sulphate, oil and grease, phosphate along with heavy metals viz. chromium, zinc, lead, nickel, cadmium, copper, were tested from effluent treatment plant (ETP) of plating industries. Further, the effects of these constituents on land, groundwater, and surface water bodies were correlated. The results observed from samples indicated that the heavy metal concentrations of chromium from 21.5 to 47 ppm, nickel from 72 to 243 ppm, lead from 5.3 to 9.7 ppm, zinc from 97 to 731 ppm and copper from 8.4 to 20.7 ppm in effluents in Haryana needs a proper preventive mechanism for sludge treatment, recovery and disposal.

Soluble uranium salts enter human body through ground water and foodstuff. World Health Organization (2004) has set 15 µg/L as the "tolerated intake" of soluble uranium in drinking water. Uranium intake above this concentration is toxic to human body. The organ which are most affected are kidney and lungs leading to malfunctioning of kidneys and lung cancer. Soluble uranium is also known for its neuro-developmental, neuropsychological, cytotoxic, genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. So to overcome such hazardous problem in Bhatinda region (Cancer belt area-Jhajjal, Giana, Sivian, Malkana, Laliana, where cancer cases are prominent) of Punjab an effort has been done. Incubation of water samples with media specific for growth of Desulfovibrio genus was done for one month with soil from the same area from where water sample has been taken and with Desulfovibrio vulgaris subsp. vulgaris strain. Chemical analysis of water samples was done again to measure final uranium (VI) concentrations after incubation. In case of incubation with soil, the average reduction of uranium (VI) in the presence of Linsmaier and Skoog's (LS) media specific for the growth of Desulfovibrio genus is 59.08%. This concluded that the presence of one or a group of species of Desulfovibrio in soil is responsible for reduction of uranium (VI). In case of incubation with D. vulgaris subsp. vulgaris strain, the average reduction of uranium (VI) is 97.77%. This concludes that D. vulgaris subsp. vulgaris strain can reduce uranium at an average rate of 0.003 μg/L/h. Biochemical tests were done to find out specific species of Desulfovibrio present in soil responsible for uranium reduction. The results of these tests concluded that the organism present in soil responsible for reduction of uranium is Desulfovibrio desulfuricans.