Physico-Chemical Characterization of Electroplating Industrial Effluents of Chandigarh and Haryana Region

Abstract

The present study deals with one of India's major concerns is the increasing level of land pollution largely due to the uncontrolled disposal of industrial solid and hazardous waste. The present work carried out on monitoring of various physico-chemical parameters and to evaluate the impact of disposal of electroplating industrial effluent on water quality in Chandigarh and nine districts of Haryana. The various parameters like pH, temperature, Electrical Conductivity (Ec), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), sulphate, oil and grease, phosphate along with heavy metals viz. chromium, zinc, lead, nickel, cadmium, copper, were tested from effluent treatment plant (ETP) of plating industries. Further, the effects of these constituents on land, groundwater, and surface water bodies were correlated. The results observed from samples indicated that the heavy metal concentrations of chromium from 21.5 to 47 ppm, nickel from 72 to 243 ppm, lead from 5.3 to 9.7 ppm, zinc from 97 to 731 ppm and copper from 8.4 to 20.7 ppm in effluents in Haryana needs a proper preventive mechanism for sludge treatment, recovery and disposal.

Assessment of monthly variation in heavy metal characteristics of Electroplating industrial untreated wastewater at selected sites of Chandigarh

“…The concentration of Ni was found below the MoEF (3 mg/l) standard limit at the SS-1, SS-2, SS-3, SS-7, SS-8 and SS-9, while the concentration of Ni was found beyond the standard limit in the month of September, October and December at the SS-2. As per results reported bySingh et al, (2016), the concentration of Ni was found from 68 to 291 mg/l in the effluent of electroplating industries of the Haryana region (Faridabad, Gurgaon, Yamunanagar, Karnal, Jagadhri, Panchkula, Panipat, Ambala and Sirsa) and Chandigarh. It was also observed that the minimum value of Ni (68 mg/l) was found in the effluent of electroplating industries of Gurgaon while the maximum value of Ni (291 mg/l) was found in the effluent of electroplating industries of Ambala.…”

“…Kumar and Thatheyus (2013) reported that the concentration of Zn (739 mg/l) was found exceedingly beyond the permissible limit of discharged standards of effluents from electroplating units at Madurai, India. Singh et al(2016) observed that the concentration of zinc varied from 97 to 731 mg/l across the Haryana region while the concentration of zinc was found 118 mg/l in the Chandigarh region, which was found beyond the acceptable limit of 5 mg/l.…”

Amelioration of Chromium VI Toxicity in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) using Glycine Betaine

“…Chromium toxicity value ranges from 21 to 47 ppm in Haryana, whereas the permissible value is 0.05 to 0.5 ppm both in water and soil 9 . It exists in soil mainly in two forms; trivalent and hexavalent depending on its oxidation state.…”

Mechanism of adsorption of cadmium and lead ions by iron-activated biochar

“…The mixtures were shaken for 2 h at 180 rpm and at 25 °C, 35 °C, and 45 °C in a water bath; the solution pH was not controlled. These metal concentrations bracketed Cd and Pb concentrations that are found in industrial wastewaters (e.g., Singh et al 2016). All of the solutions were then filtered and the filtrate Cd and Pb concentrations were determined by AAS.…”