Latar Belakang: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) saat ini menjadi permasalahan dunia yang serius dengan jumlah kasusnya yang selalu mengalami peningkatan setiap harinya. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengetahuan masyarakat Kalimantan Selatan tentang pencegahan Covid-19 beserta faktor karakteristik individu. Metode: Desain cross sectional dengan sampel berjumlah 1190 orang yang dipilih dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner google form. Hasil: Dari 1190 masyarakat yang menjadi responden merupakan masyarakat dengan kategori umur remaja yaitu sebesar 93,7%, status pekerjaan tidak bekerja sebesar 77,2%, berjenis kelamin perempuan sebesar 66,3%, posisi dalam keluarga sebagai anggota rumah tangga yaitu sebesar 97,8%, dan mempunyai pengetahuan yang baik tentang pencegahan Covid-19 sebesar 69,2%. Hasil uji chi square menunjukan nilai p antara umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, status pekerjaan dan posisi dalam keluarga dengan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan Covid-19 adalah 0,386, 0,013, 0,428, 0,515, dan 0,999. Kesimpulan: Umur, pendidikan, status pekerjaan dan posisi dalam keluarga dengan tidak memiliki hubungan dengan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan Covid-19. Namun, jenis kelamin memiliki hubungan dengan pengetahuan tentang pencegahan Covid-19.
Covid-19 sudah dikategorikan sebagai pandemi global. Covid-19 merupakan jenis virus yang baru sehingga banyak pihak yang tidak tahu dan tidak mengerti cara penanggulangan virus tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik individu dan sikap terkait pencegahan Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 1.170 orang dan dipilih dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibantu dengan program google form. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa mayoritas responden dalam penelitian ini adalah remaja (90,90%), mempunyai status bekerja (56,00%), berjenis kelamin perempuan (69,30%), memiliki sikap positif terhadap pencegahan covid-19 (99,15%) dan mempunyai perilaku yang baik terhadap pencegahan covid-19 (90,20%). Hasil uji chi-square menunjukan nilai p antara jenis kelamin, umur, status pekerjaan, dan sikap terkait pencegahan Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 adalah 0,000, 0,306, 0,605 dan 0,066. Kesimpulannya adalah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19. Namun, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara umur, status pekerjaan, dan sikap terkait pencegahan Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19.
BACKGROUND: Teenagers who smoke are very susceptible to product degradation which is seen in the low quality of human resources. Identification of risk factors needed as a first step before health interventions to prevent and reduce smoking rates in adolescents. AIM: This study aims to analyze the risk factors for smoking behavior in adolescents through the health believe model approach. METHODS: The design of this study is observational using a cross-sectional approach with the sample size, namely, 156 respondents. The instrument planned to be used in this study is a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. This study has received permission from relevant parties, including having received approval from the ULM FK Ethics Commission. The variables to be studied are, dependent: Smoking and independent behavior: Gender, knowledge, attitude, parental influence, peer influence, and cigarette advertising. The data analysis used Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test with a significance level of p < 0.05. RESULTS: Frequency distribution, 139 (89.1%) respondents do not smoke, 81 (51.9%) respondents were female, 147 (5.8%) respondents are well-informed, and 141 (90.4%) respondents have a positive attitude, the number of respondents who are not affected by the smoking behavior of the elderly is 142 people (91%). Number of respondents who are not affected by peer smoking behaviors is 150 people (96.2%) and 144 people (92.3%) of the respondents were exposed to cigarette advertisements in the high category. Statistical tests show that the variables that have a significant relationship with smoking behavior are gender (p = 0.000), attitude (p = 0.000), parental influence (p = 0.000), and cigarette advertising (p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: There are four variables which have a relationship with smoking behavior, namely, there is a relationship between gender, attitude, the influence of parents, and cigarette advertising with smoking behavior.
Alang river has been one of the river banks to contribute the most to fish production in the Banjar district. However, despite the seemingly protein-rich diet of its inhabitants, this area still has a high prevalence of stunting. This research was therefore conducted to identify the factors that might affect the occurrence of stunting among young children within the area. This cross-sectional research conducted from May to July 2019 recruited 96 dyads of mother and her young child as participants. The children were then analyzed for their adequacy of energy and protein intake based on the recommended dietary allowances (good vs. poor adequacy) and the occurrence of stunting based on the 2006 World Health Organization anthropometry standard (stunted vs. not stunted). Other variables of the children (sex, history of low birth weight, history of exclusive breastfeeding) and variables related to family members (total number of family members, maternal height, paternal height, family income, maternal educational level, and paternal educational level) were also analyzed. Young children with poor adequacy of energy intake had 9.133 times higher risk of stunting than young children with good adequacy of energy intake (p=0.001). The young children's energy and protein intake played a significant role in determining the occurrence of stunting, implying the importance of this macronutrient for the growth and development of young children. The education about the children's nutritional needs for mothers with young children should be delivered with a better design that includes easy-to-remember and immediately applicable local wisdom based methods for the children's nutritional fulfillment of the children's nutritional need.
Tingginya prevalensi penyakit tidak menular merupakan beban yang sedang dihadapi di setiap negara. Pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan salah satu strategi dalam membantu mengontol permasalahan kesehatan di masyarakat khususnya Penyakit tidak menular. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tantangan dan hambatan melakukan pemberdayaan di daerah semi perkotaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan observasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah masyarakat terutama kader kesehatan lansia dan para stakeholder di Padukuan Samirono. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tantangan dalam pemberdayaan di daerah semi perkotaan meliputi 1) Tingginya mobilitas dan padat aktivitas masyarakat, 2) Sistem birokrasi yang lama dan panjang, 3) Pengalaman intervensi terdahulu oleh beberapa institusi, 4) Minimnya data kesehatan. Hambatan yang ditemui pada saat program berlangsung, yaitu: 1) kurangnya pengalaman, keterampilan dan pengetahuan serta konsep diri kader kesehatan setempat; 2) kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat 3) karakteristik sosial dan budaya (agama, kondisi ekonomi); 4) Pesan kesehatan dari media massa; 5) Kurangnya dukungan stakeholder. Tantangan dan hambatan memberikan dampak negatif terhadap keberlangsungan program promosi kesehatan. Perlunya peningkatan kapasitas oleh tenaga kesehatan dan masyarakat yang berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci : Hambatan, Tantangan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Semi-Urban
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