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In the adult population, foreign bodies may be accidentally or intentionally ingested or even inserted into a body cavity. The majority of accidentally ingested foreign bodies pass through the alimentary tract without any complications and rarely require intervention. Accidentally ingested foreign bodies are usually fish bones, bones of other animals, and dentures. Oesophageal food impaction is the commonest cause of oesophageal foreign bodies in the Western hemisphere. Intentionally ingested foreign bodies may be organic or inorganic, and often require intervention; these patients have either underlying psychological or mental disease or are involved in illegal activities such as body packing, which involves trafficking narcotics. Imaging plays a crucial role in not only identifying the type, number and location of the foreign body but also in excluding any complications. In this comprehensive pictorial review, we provide an overview of the spectrum of foreign bodies ingested in adults, emphasising the role of various imaging modalities, their limitations and common foreign body mimickers on imaging.

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Background Fish bones are the most common cause of accidental foreign body ingestion, especially in Asian and Mediterranean nations. In most cases, the fish bones pass through the alimentary tract without any complications and rarely require any intervention. Less than 5% of the patients with accidentally ingested fish bones develop complications. In this report, we present the first documented case of a fish bone induced bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm in an elderly male with underlying bronchiectasis; the latter recognized as a risk factor for developing bronchial artery hypertrophy. Case presentation We report a case of a fish bone induced bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm in a patient with underlying bronchiectasis. The vascular complication induced by the fish bone was identified only on intravenous contrast CT and would not have been identified on plain CT alone. The patient underwent bronchial artery embolization, following which the fish bone was dis-impacted endoscopically. Conclusions Intravenous post contrast chest CT may have an important role in the evaluation of accidental fish bone ingestion, especially in patients with underlying lung diseases, as vascular complications are most often overt on a non-contrast CT study.

BACKGROUND Gastric carcinoma represents the most common gastric neoplasm accounting for 95% of all gastric tumours and represents a group of aggressive malignancy. Although highly aggressive, the early gastric cancer shows a better prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of more than 90%. There is a wide variation of the prognosis varying from less than 3% to 90% in early gastric cancers. Early diagnosis and accurate staging are therefore very crucial for the choice of an accurate therapeutic approach and also for the good survival rate. This study aims at evaluating the validity of MDCT in staging gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between May 2014 and September 2016, 35 patients (27 males, 8 females), with mean age of 63 years were evaluated. CT was performed using 16 slice and 64 slice CT and Tumour staging and nodal staging was done according to TNM staging put forward by AJCC 7 th edition. All the stages were compared with the gold standard histopathological staging. Site and extent of the lesion and surgery done were also assessed. RESULTS The comparison of tumour and nodal staging to histopathological staging was statistically done by McNemar test, and all the stages of the malignancy showed statistical agreement between the two. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and p value of all the T stages and N stages were the statistical parameters assessed. The sensitivity of early gastric cancer (T1 and T2) was comparatively lower than advanced cases (T3 and T4). The sensitivity of staging T1 lesion was 55% whereas it was 93% in staging T3 lesions. The sensitivity of nodal staging was about 70% in all the stages. CONCLUSION CT as a modality in staging gastric cancer helps staging the advanced gastric cancer more accurately than early gastric cancer. Along with the tumour and nodal staging it can also give the details of distant organ metastasis. It can be used in conjunction with other endoscopic methods for accurate preoperative staging.