Introduction: To strengthen production chains in the state of Chihuahua, it is necessary to evaluate the feasibility of establishing sawmills in forest communities and ejidos. Objective: To formulate a sawmill investment project for the Basihuare ejido, Guachochi, Chihuahua, and to evaluate its viability by estimating financial and economic indicators. Materials and methods: Projections of supply from 2020 to 2024 were made based on the records of roundwood inputs of the Pinus genus from 2015 to 2019. Sawmilling coefficients, sawn timber grade distribution and market price were determined with historical information from a private industry located in Guachochi. Feasibility was evaluated by estimating the income tax established according to income. Results and discussion: A net present value of 16 194 605 MXN at a discount rate of 12 %, an internal rate of return of 78.69 % and a benefit/cost relationship of 1.25 were estimated. A break-even point of 1 520 255 bf produced, a payback period of 2.07 years and an economic profitability of 61.14 % were also determined. Conclusion: The indicators were positive in all cases, which shows that the project is financially viable. The methodology used for the formulation and evaluation of investment projects in the forestry sector can be replicated and adapted by different agrarian nuclei

The objective was to evaluate and compare the precision of estimation of dasometric variables, survey times and costs of two sampling methods versus a census, applied to a natural even-age mass of Pinus arizonica Engelm. in the municipality of Guachochi, Chihuahua, Mexico. Nine fixed-dimension and nine variable-dimension sites were performed with Bitterlich's angular sampling at coincident sample points. Times from start to finish were taken by site and technicians from the State were surveyed to determine sampling costs. ANOVA tests were developed at a significance level of 0.05, comparing both methods with the census. The results indicate that, in both samplings, the number of trees per hectare does not present statistical differences with respect to the census. The basal area by both methods was not statistically different, however, fixed dimensions present an error greater than 5%. Finally, the volume per hectare estimated was similar to that of the census, according to the rates carried out, greater precision was found by the variable area method (error=0.03%). The execution time showed significant differences (p=0.0001), the fixed dimension site required a mean time of 44 minutes and the variable dimension one 10 minutes 26 seconds. The total costs are 679.90 and 654.33 Euro to sample nine fixed-dimension and nine variable-dimension sites respectively, showing significant differences (p=0.0008). It is concluded that both methods are statistically acceptable for the variables evaluated in the type of forest mass studied.

In sustainable forest management it is essential to conserve and maintain biodiversity, the floristic composition and the mixture of its species. For this purpose, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the selection silvicultural treatment as a function of time, on the horizontal structure of a Pine-Oak Forest in northern Mexico. Nine sampling points were established to analyze the structure of the Initial Condition of the forest in 2012, the Recruitment of 2022 and the Final Condition of 2022. In addition, the Jaccard similarity coefficient and the Margalef wealth index were estimated. Likewise, Shannon true diversity index, the importance value index and the forest value index were calculated for each species. The analysis of variance with a confidence of 95% was used to evaluate the studied variables, multiple comparisons were made with Duncan's test to group the species in ranges of statistical importance. The results indicated that the forest not presented a change in similarity, richness and diversity of species due to the application of the selection silvicultural treatment, without statistical differences according to the mix and distribution of the species in the forest, this indicates that selective logging does not change the composition of forest species. Regarding the indices of true diversity, value of importance and forest value by species, no significant differences were observed in terms of the application of silvicultural treatment. According to these results, it was possible to identify groups of forest importance and value, where Pinus durangensis Martínez was the most representative species.