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Ending second century of higher medical education in Kazan is characterized by a significant impact of its alumni to studies of nervism. The student of K.A. Arnshtein N. Lavdovsky, professors A.E. Smirnov and A.S. Dogel, students of A.N. Mislavsky B.I. Lavrentyev and N.G. Kolosov, their colleagues Yu.M. Lazovsky, A.Ya. Khabarova and V.N. Shvalev expanded knowledge on heart innervation. We summed up the results of decades-long analysis of changes of autonomous nervous system, reviewed the innervation of the cardiovascular system during the ontogenesis, level of NO-synthase in heart ganglions in health and disease, as well as functional data. The basis of our studies was set on the department of histology of Kazan State Medical University, headed by A.N. Mislavsky. Increasing with age loss of sympathetic innervation of cardiovascular system, which is compensated by humor factors according to Cannon-Rosenblueth rule, was discovered in quantitative neurohystochemical studies. Loosing sympathetic innervation, allowing to immediately mobilize their activity and activating neurotrophic factors, myocardial fibers produce more and more adrenoreceptors, reacting on catecholamines brought with the bloodstream. We were able to reveal intimate relation with central and peripheral nervous system damage while studying patients with cardiomyopathies. Firstly, antibodies to the components of the nervous system were found by immunocytochemistry in blood serum drawn from patients with various forms of cardiomyopathies. Secondly, our own quantitative neurohystochemical studies revealed that myocardial damage is associated with the deep lesions of its sympathetic nerve plexus, and there is de-afference (receptor degenerative damage) together with sympathetic denervation. The studying of the basis of the neurotrophism performed by Kazan neurohistologists and physiologists are deepened: conceptions of neurotrophic control are developed, the role of the neuroregulins - cytokines, produced in neurons - is studied, stimulating of neuroregulation using genic neurotrophic factors is used, direct cell gene therapy in patients with spinal injury is applied, molecular aspects of nerve regeneration stimulation are examined.

The relevance of the presented article is determined by the widespread use of online distance learning technologies in the educational space of higher education in Russia. This process is supported and initiated, among other things, by the modern Russian authorities, whose actions are based on the presumption of the ability of online education to provide the same quality of the educational process that takes place in the classroom-contact format. The authors ‘ hypothesis is based on the fact that the widespread introduction of online education cannot be evaluated positively, since its quality has not been tested empirically. Institutionalization should be carried out only after it is scientifically confirmed “where”,” for whom”,” by whom “ online education can be implemented. For this purpose, the authors study the types of online education, its content, and assess the readiness of students to study online. The goal is formulated as determining the segments of the educational process in higher education in which online education will improve the quality of training of qualified specialists.

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