SUMMARY The increase in bilirubin levels in newborns can cause toxic effects on the auditory system, which can lead to hearing loss. This review aimed to verify the impact of hyperbilirubinemia in the hearing of newborns, relating audiological findings to serum levels of bilirubin. A literature review was conducted during October 2017, using the terms “hyperbilirubinemia”, “jaundice”, “infant”, “newborn” and “hearing loss”, on databases CAPES journals, MEDLINE and BIREME (SciELO, BBO). 827 studies were identified and 59 were selected for full-text reading, resulting in the selection of seven articles that met the inclusion criteria and were considered relevant to the sample of this study. All the reviewed studies performed brainstem auditory evoked potential as the main test for audiological evaluation. Changes in the audiological findings of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia were observed in all studies. There was no consensus on the serum bilirubin levels that may cause auditory changes; however, the relationship between hearing disorders and blood levels of bilirubin was positive. We identify the need to establish reference values for bilirubin levels considered critical for the occurrence of hearing disorders as well as the audiological follow-up of neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.

Introdução: O programa de agentes comunitários de saúde é parte do Programa de Saúde da Família. Este profissional é um importante recurso ao diálogo entre a equipe de saúde e as famílias que visita. Objetivo: Verificar a efetividade de um programa de capacitação em saúde auditiva para agentes comunitários de saúde. Métodos: Participaram 31 agentes comunitários de saúde de um município do estado XX. Foram oferecidas duas capacitações sobre saúde auditiva em um intervalo de 30 dias, realizadas com aulas expositivas. Os assuntos abordados foram: o fonoaudiólogo na atenção básica, fatores de risco para perda auditiva, triagem auditiva neonatal, orientações sobre aparelhos auditivos, entre outros. Durante as capacitações, foi aplicado o instrumento de coleta de dados em três momentos distintos: no início e final da primeira capacitação e no início da segunda capacitação. Resultados: A amostra foi composta apenas por mulheres. As profissionais, na sua maioria, não possuíam capacitações anteriores sobre temas relacionados à Fonoaudiologia. Verificou-se diferença significativa entre as médias de acerto antes e após a capacitação (p=0,04). As questões que apresentaram diferença abordavam como tema a triagem auditiva neonatal, fatores de risco para perda auditiva e a protetização auditiva em crianças menores de um ano de idade. Conclusão: Verificou-se que o programa de capacitação em saúde auditiva proposto foi efetivo no grupo de agentes de saúde da amostra. Pode-se inferir que os agentes de saúde participantes da pesquisa possuem mais subsídios para identificar pacientes com queixas fonoaudiológicas, orientar a comunidade que atendem e realizar os encaminhamentos necessários.

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Introduction Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have abnormalities in auditory perception and sensitivity. The mismatch negativity (MMN) component of the evoked potential demonstrates a brain detection response to an auditory change due to memory, and enables the identification of changes in the auditory system. Objective To analyze MMN responses in children and adolescents with ASD and compare them with those of a control group. Methods Cross-sectional and comparative study. The sample was composed of 68 children and adolescents, divided into study group (SG), which contained those diagnosed with ASD, and the control group (CG), which contained those with typical development, normal hearing thresholds, and without hearing complaints. All participants were submitted to peripheral and central electrophysiological auditory evaluations. For the electrophysiological auditory evaluation and MMN recording, the electrodes were fixed in the following positions: Fz (active electrode), M1 and M2 (reference electrodes), and on the forehead (ground electrode). Auditory stimuli were presented in both ears simultaneously, with a frequency of 1,000 Hz for the frequent stimulus, and of 2,000 Hz for the rare stimulus, in an intensity of 80 dBNA. Results Latency and amplitude values were increased in the SG, with a statistically significant difference in comparison with the CG. In the MMN analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in the comparison between right and left ears and between genders. Conclusion Children and adolescents with ASD had higher latency and amplitude values in the MMN component than the individuals in the CG.

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