Принципи інноваційного управління людськими ресурсами Анотація. У результаті досліджень у сфері інновацій виділено два концептуальні трактування поняття «інновації»: економічне і соціальне. Проаналізувавши зміст соціальних інновацій, установлено, що вони безпосередньо пов'язані з інноваціями в управлінні людськими ресурсами. У ході аналізу було сформовано три групи підходів до інноваційного управління розвитком людських ресурсів сервісних компаній: до першої групи була віднесена мотивація і стимулювання персоналу до ефективної інноваційної діяльності; до другої-формування інноваційної культури в компаніях та лояльності персоналу до інновацій; до третьої-формування систем безперервного корпоративного навчання. Дослідження показало, що українським сервісним компаніям необхідно приділяти більше уваги таким чинникам інноваційного управління людськими ресурсами як системам безперервного корпоративного навчання. У зв'язку з цим особливо актуальним є питання про розвиток корпоративних університетів та систем E-learning на сервісних підприємствах. Визначено принципи інноваційного управління людськими ресурсами, яких необхідно дотримуватися сервісним компаніям. Ключові слова: інновації; управління людськими ресурсами; конкурентні переваги; безперервне корпоративне навчання; система електронного навчання.

The development of shipping companies relies on multiple financing channels and requires decisions to be made regarding fleet management. Therefore, a firm’s performance should be modeled based on multiple decision variables. The purpose of this paper is to develop a quantitative approach for determining the investment portfolio of a shipping company taking into account the equity value. The proposed model rests on the mathematical programming. The objective is to maximize the cumulative free cash flow to equity, associated with the implementation of a long-term fleet replenishment program. The distinctive feature of the approach is that different cost of debt financing options and different levels of starting capital are considered. The enterprise can then be determined based on the optimal value of free cash flows to equity for each ratio of starting capital and the number of acquired vessels.

The purpose of this paper is to systematize the practical experience of the state protectionism in shipping industry at the current stage of its development. The reasons of protectionism in maritime transport are considered and the analysis of the world fleet ownership and flags of registration is conducted. The comparative analysis of the Dutch and Norwegian tonnage tax regimes and other current tax incentives in the different countries is made. The advantages and shortcomings of protectionist measures in shipping industry from the macroeconomic and microeconomic points of view are analysed. The results of research contains elements of novelty: the scientific representation of state protectionism in shipping industry gained further development by systematization of international experience of application of direct and indirect measures in shipping and allocation of the main trends of protectionism; the classification of protectionist measures in shipping industry is improved by the specification of the structure of indirect methods.

In the article the sustainable development as the alternative concept of further transformation of the economic system in general and an enterprise in particular is considered. The concept of the sustainable development cycle of enterprise was improved by the authors; they specified the important role of human resources management in this cycle. The paper emphasizes the need to focus the human resources management not only on the operational activities’ results, but also on increasing the employees’ personal competitiveness and intensifying collaboration and mutual support to form a corporate knowledge due to developing corporate universities and E-learning systems aimed at continuous sustainable development of human resources. A significant attention in the concept of an enterprise sustainable development is paid to creation an effective human capital management strategy. This strategy should be focused on decomposition of the objectives in sustainable development, building a favourable organizational culture, developing business models that are based on effective communication with consumers, selecting the state-of-the-art forms of business organization and doing business; this is including, but not limiting, to those that have emerged in the field of social business, which allow to move towards implementation of the main objectives of sustainable development.

Introduction. Global changes in the system of financing higher education in recent years became the reason to the new approaches formation of development pricing strategy in universities. One of the main conditions for the formation of such a strategy is to improve the efficiency of the pricing system for educational services. It requires the selection and justification of optimality criteria, provided production costs correspond to the level of prices in the educational services market, the usefulness of the proposed specialties and quality of service. The development of a methodology for assessing the financial and economic state of the university based on the analysis of the break-even point of the marketing activities of the university will allow: the cost of the contract for individual specialties or specializations, to plan income and expenses for future periods, to identify ways to save costs for individual items, the feasibility of introduction new specialties. The criterion of the break-even point of the educational services of the university depends on such indicators as the number of students, conditionally fixed and variable expenses, the university’s income from educational activities in which full coverage of expenses is possible. The use of the methodology for assessing the financial and economic state of the university based on the analysis of the break-even point of the marketing activities of the university allows not only to determine the minimum possible cost of a contract for a specific specialty, but also to identify shortcomings in the system of accounting and analysis of financial and economic indicators of the university. Purpose. The aim of the study is to create a methodology for calculating the determination of the break-even rate of the university educational services for a particular specialty or specialization, taking into account the costs related to the implementation of a separate curriculum. Results. Based on the analysis of the financial and economic indicators of the university’s activities, the classification of expenses for the provision of educational services has been improved by dividing costs into variable and conditionally fixed costs. The criteria for dividing individual cost items into variable and conditionally fixed ones have been determined, the structure of these costs has been analyzed using the example of the Odessa National Maritime University. The formula for calculating the break-even point for higher education institutions has been improved based on the proposed cost classification. The methods of calculating the components of these costs have been clarified, which include the unit costs of the salaries of the teaching staff, depending on the teaching load and the level of qualifications, salary charges for the scientific and pedagogical staff. The formula for calculating the break-even contingent of students of the contract form of study has been improved based on the above approach to calculating the break-even point. The formula for calculating the break-even contingent of students of the contract form of study has been improved based on the above approach to calculating the break-even point. Ways to reduce costs have been proposed, which are aimed at unifying the curriculum, reducing the cost of maintaining the administrative and managerial apparatus and reducing utility costs. Conclusions. The challenges of recent years in the field of higher education form a number of problematic issues, leading to the need to develop new methods for assessing the economic efficiency of universities in Ukraine. Using the break-even point in assessing the viability of specialties allows you to identify financial reserves, determine and justify the cost of training for a student of a contract form of study, justify the economic efficiency of educational and professional programs, detail costs and identify gaps in their allocation. The disadvantages of this method include the lack of indicators that would characterize the uniqueness and prospects of the studied specialty: employability of graduates, advanced training of the teaching staff and other indicators that would take into account not only the analysis of previous periods, but also modern trends in the educational services market.